Celtis africana
Celtis africana · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Celtis africana is a significant medicinal plant recognized for its diverse range of pharmacological properties. Scientific studies have highlighted its potent antioxidant and antiplasmodial activities, making it a subject of great interest in herbal medicine. Researchers primarily utilize various extracts of the plant to harness these therapeutic benefits. These preparations are specifically studied for their potential to combat serious health conditions such as malaria and tuberculosis. Consequently, the plant serves as a vital resource in the search for natural treatments against these infectious diseases.
- Synonyms
- Celtis Burmanni · Celtis Eriantha · 7 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Cannabaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Celtis africana is a versatile tree widely recognized by several different names across various regions. It is most frequently referred to by its common names, the African Elm and the African White-Stinkwood. Depending on the local dialect or area, it may also be known simply as the African-Elm. In certain communities, the tree carries the traditional name Bo-odaar. Finally, it is sometimes identified as the Camdeboo Celtis, reflecting its unique botanical identity.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Celtis africana is a diverse species that has been classified under several different scientific names throughout botanical history. Taxonomic studies have identified various synonyms for this plant, including the names Celtis burmanni and Celtis eriantha. Researchers also recognize Celtis henriquesii and Celtis holtzii as alternative designations for the same organism. Furthermore, the name Celtis kraussiana has been applied to this species in different contexts. Understanding these various nomenclatures is essential for accurately documenting the plant's botanical relationships.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Celtis africana is a remarkable specimen belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, the species is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further falls into the order Rosales, showcasing its evolutionary connections to other diverse plants. As a member of the genus Celtis, it displays unique morphological characteristics specific to its lineage. Finally, this tree is nested within the family Cannabaceae, completing its complex botanical profile.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Cannabaceae |
| Genus | Celtis |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Celtis africana is a resilient species widely distributed across the vast landscapes of the African continent. It holds a significant presence within East Tropical Africa, where it can be found thriving in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Moving toward the northern reaches of the region, the plant also inhabits the Northeast Tropical Africa zone. Specifically, its range extends into the diverse environments of Eritrea and Ethiopia. This broad geographical spread highlights the plant's ability to adapt to various ecological niches across East and Northeast Africa.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Celtis africana is a versatile tree characterized by its sturdy, self-supporting growth form. Depending on its environment, this species can vary significantly in size, starting from a modest height of just 2 m. However, it has the potential to develop into a much more substantial specimen as it matures. In many instances, these trees reach impressive heights of at least 26 m. Ultimately, the most robust individuals can achieve a maximum height of 30 m.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Celtis africana has demonstrated significant medicinal potential through its dual biological activities. Research indicates that extracts from this plant possess potent antiplasmodial properties, showing high effectiveness against Plasmodium falciparum. Furthermore, the plant exhibits excellent antioxidant capacities, as evidenced by its ability to scavenge free radicals. These findings support the traditional folkloric use of the species in herbal medicine within regions like Ghana. Ultimately, the bioactive profile of Celtis africana suggests it could serve as a promising lead compound for future malaria drug discovery programs.
Compounds
Conditions
Celtis africana demonstrates significant medicinal potential through its ability to combat serious health conditions. Research indicates that extracts of this plant are highly active against malaria parasites, specifically showing effectiveness in antiplasmodial assays. Additionally, traditional knowledge from the Oromo community highlights its use in managing tuberculosis. These findings support the plant's folkloric role in treating both febrile illnesses and respiratory ailments. Consequently, the species serves as a vital resource for addressing malaria and tuberculosis in various medicinal practices.
Preparations
Celtis africana is prepared as extracts through the process of Soxhlet extraction using ethanol. These resulting plant extracts were specifically tested for their antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. In laboratory assays, the extracts from this plant demonstrated significant potency against the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Furthermore, the prepared extracts exhibited high total antioxidant capacities and strong radical scavenging potential. Toxicological evaluations confirmed that these extracts are safe, as they showed no adverse effects on liver or kidney function.