Cedrela odorata
Cedrela odorata · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Cedrela odorata is a versatile plant species recognized for its potent biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, fungicide, and pesticide properties. Various preparations, such as water extracts, ethanolic extracts, and wood oils, are utilized to harness these medicinal benefits. These substances have shown significant promise in treating dermatological conditions like athlete's foot, onychomycosis, and pityriasis versicolor. Furthermore, research suggests its potential efficacy in addressing respiratory concerns such as Pneumocystis pneumonia. Through these diverse applications, the plant serves as a valuable natural resource in both agricultural and therapeutic contexts.
- Synonyms
- Cedrela Occidentalis · Surenus Mexicana · 29 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Meliaceae
- Distribution
- Africa
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Cedrela odorata is a versatile tree known by a diverse array of regional and common names. In various locales, it is frequently referred to as Acajou rouge or Acajou-bois. Those searching for it under English identifiers might encounter it as the Barbados-cedar. Spanish-speaking regions often recognize the species as Cedro Rojo, highlighting its widespread botanical presence. Finally, the name Cedrat is also used to describe this distinctive plant in certain contexts.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Cedrela odorata is a botanical species that is frequently identified by a variety of different scientific names. Throughout various taxonomic records, it is recognized by several synonyms, including Cedrela brachystachya and Cedrela caldasana. The plant is also closely associated with the nomenclature of Cedrela cedro and Cedrela cubensis in different regional studies. Furthermore, the name Cedrela glaziovii is often cited as a synonymous designation for this specific tree. Understanding these overlapping identities is essential for accurate classification within the plant kingdom.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Cedrela odorata is a remarkable species that belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this expansive group, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. Its taxonomic journey continues through the order Sapindales, which helps define its botanical characteristics. The plant is further organized into the specific genus Cedrela. Finally, it finds its place within the Meliaceae family, marking its unique identity in the natural world.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Meliaceae |
| Genus | Cedrela |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Cedrela odorata displays a diverse distribution across the African continent, spanning from the east to the south. In East Tropical Africa, this species is established within the landscapes of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Moving toward the southern regions, the plant also holds a presence in Southern Africa. Specifically, it can be found growing within the territories of Eswatini and the KwaZulu-Natal province. This wide geographic range highlights the adaptability of the species to various African climates.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Cedrela odorata is a self-supporting tree that serves as a prominent feature in its native landscape. This species exhibits a robust growth form, standing tall as it matures in the wild. While it can reach a minimum height of 9 meters, it frequently achieves much greater stature. Most mature specimens grow to impressive heights ranging from 33.5 meters to a maximum of 35 meters. Such significant scale makes it a vital component of the forest canopy.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Cedrela odorata demonstrates significant therapeutic potential through its diverse biological activities. Research conducted in the Altiplane region of Mexico highlights its potent antibacterial properties, specifically showing inhibitory effects against oral pathogens like Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Beyond its ability to combat bacteria, this plant species also exhibits promising antifungal activity. Studies focusing on Guadeloupean flora suggest that its extracts are effective against various dermatophytes and Candida species. These combined medicinal qualities make Cedrela odorata a strong candidate for the future development of new antimicrobial formulations.
Compounds
Conditions
Cedrela odorata demonstrates significant therapeutic potential through its ability to treat various pathogens, including the superficial mycosis Pityriasis versicolor. Research indicates that extracts from this plant are effective against the deep fungal infection Pneumocystis pneumonia. The species also exhibits antimalarial properties by treating both the chloroquine-sensitive W2 and the chloroquine-resistant D6 clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Furthermore, the plant shows antibacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas gingivalis, which is associated with oral cavity infections. These diverse biological activities highlight the plant's versatility in addressing fungal, parasitic, and bacterial threats.
Preparations
Cedrela odorata is prepared as various types of extracts to exploit its diverse biological properties. Research demonstrates that Cedrela odorata is prepared as ethanolic extracts and water extracts to test for antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. Furthermore, the species is prepared as extracts including cyclohexane and ethanol/water mixtures for screening antifungal activities. In the context of medicinal applications and fragrance, Cedrela odorata is prepared as wood oils characterized by an abundance of cadinane sesquiterpenoids. These various forms of preparation allow the plant to be utilized in studies ranging from antimalarial activity to the development of woody fragrances.