Calocedrus formosana
Calocedrus formosana · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Calocedrus formosana, commonly known as the Taiwan incense-cedar, is an evergreen conifer native to the high-altitude forests of Taiwan. This majestic tree is highly valued for its aromatic qualities and its ability to thrive in mountainous ecosystems. While the entire plant holds botanical significance, specific traditional preparations often focus on the medicinal potential of its bark. Utilizing the bark allows for the extraction of unique compounds that have been studied for various therapeutic applications. Understanding the properties of this species provides insight into the rich biodiversity of East Asian montane flora.
- Synonyms
- Libocedrus Macrolepis Var. Formosana · Libocedrus Formosana · 2 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Cupressaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Calocedrus formosana is a distinctive species known by several different common names across various languages and regions. In English-speaking contexts, it is frequently referred to as the Taiwan Incense-Cedar or the Taiwanese incense-cedar. It also carries the descriptive name Formosa-Weihrauchzeder, which reflects its aromatic qualities. In certain circles, the plant is recognized by the name Taiwan Cui Bai. Finally, in Polish, this beautiful conifer is known as cedrzyniec tajwański.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Calocedrus formosana is a botanical subject that has been identified through various scientific names over time. Within taxonomic literature, it is recognized by several synonyms, including the designation Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana. The plant has also been historically categorized under the name Heyderia formosana in different studies. Furthermore, its classification has overlapped with the genus Libocedrus, appearing as Libocedrus formosana in various records. Finally, it is noted in botanical databases as Libocedrus macrolepis var. formosana, reflecting the evolving nature of its scientific identity.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Calocedrus formosana is a distinctive species belonging to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this biological kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further falls into the order Pinales, showcasing its evolutionary connection to other conifers. The plant is a proud member of the family Cupressaceae, which defines many of its structural characteristics. Finally, it is situated within the genus Calocedrus, marking its unique place in the natural world.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Pinidae |
| Order | Pinales |
| Family | Cupressaceae |
| Genus | Calocedrus |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Calocedrus formosana is a distinctive conifer primarily found within the Asia-temperate regions. Its natural range is concentrated in Eastern Asia, where it plays a vital role in local forest ecosystems. Specifically, the species holds a significant presence across the island of Taiwan. This distribution pattern highlights its specialized adaptation to the unique climates of these subtropical and temperate zones. Understanding its geographic boundaries is essential for the ongoing conservation of this unique plant.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Calocedrus formosana grows in the distinct form of a tree. As a robust species, it remains entirely self-supporting throughout its life cycle.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Calocedrus formosana, specifically the variety macrolepis var. formosana, contains unique C35 terpenoids within its bark that exhibit significant biological activity. Two specific newly isolated compounds, ferrugicadinol and ferrugieudesmol, demonstrate direct cytotoxicity against human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. These chemical structures are characterized by a unique terpene skeleton that contributes to their medicinal potential. The effectiveness of these compounds is evidenced by IC50 values that range between 11 and 14 microM. Consequently, the plant extracts serve as a source of potent agents for treating this specific type of human cancer cell line.
Preparations
Calocedrus formosana is prepared as bark to facilitate the isolation of specialized chemical compounds. Researchers utilized the bark of this specific variety to extract unique C35 terpenoids known as ferrugicadinol and ferrugieudesmol. These bioactive substances were identified through detailed spectroscopic evidence following their extraction from the plant tissue. The bark serves as a critical source for discovering new molecules that demonstrate significant cytotoxicity against human oral carcinoma cells. Consequently, the preparation of this bark provides a direct pathway for developing potential therapeutic agents against cancer.