Field marigold
Calendula arvensis · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (30 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Field marigold, scientifically known as Calendula arvensis, is a resilient annual herb belonging to the Asteraceae family. Often found in disturbed soils and agricultural fields, this plant is characterized by its bright yellow, daisy-like blooms. Historically valued for its diverse botanical properties, it remains a subject of interest in ethnobotany.
Names
Common Names
- field marigold
- field-marigold
- wild marigold
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Hierba lavamanos
- Calendula malacitana
- Pata gallina
- Flor de cada mes
- Yerba lavamanos
- Mercadilla
- Calendula aegyptiaca
- Mercalillas de campo
- Maravilla de los bosques
- Maravillas silvestres
- Flores de muerto campestres
- Mercadillas de campo
- Mercalilla del campo
- Maravilla silvestre
- Mercalillas del campo
- Patica de gallo
German:
- Acker-Ringelblume
- Acker-Ringelblume
French:
- Souci des champs
- souci des champs
- souci sauvage
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Calendula arvensisSynonyms
- Calendula sancta subsp. cristagalli
- Calendula persica var. gracilis
- Calendula aegyptiaca var. microcephala
- Calendula arvensis proles sublanata
- Calendula arvensis subsp. hydruntina
- Calendula arvensis subsp. sublanata
- Calendula arvensis var. macroptera
- Calendula arvensis subsp. micrantha
- Calendula arvensis pygmaea
- Calendula persica var. microcephala
- Calendula officinalis var. hydruntina
- Caltha arvensis
- Calendula malvaecarpa
- Calendula sublanata
- Calendula sylvestris
- Calendula aegyptiaca
- Calendula arvensis var. bicolor
- Calendula alata
- Calendula amplexifolia
- Calendula arvensis subsp. macroptera
- Calendula bicolor
- Calendula brachyglossa
- Calendula byzantina
- Calendula cristagalli
- Calendula echinata
- Calendula gracilis
- Calendula malacitana
- Calendula micrantha
- Calendula microcephala
- Calendula persica
- Calendula sancta
- Calendula sicula
- Calendula subinermis
- Calendula undulata
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Asterales, it is classified under the family Asteraceae. Specifically, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Calendula.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Asterales | WCVP |
| Family | Asteraceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Calendula | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a broad geographical presence across several key regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its distribution includes territories such as Great Britain and Sweden. Moving toward the central part of the continent, the species is also well-established in Middle Europe. Specifically, it can be found growing within the borders of Austria and Belgium. Furthermore, its range extends through the Middle European landscapes of Czechia and Slovakia.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Netherlands | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Poland | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as corn marigold, is characterized by its various morphological features used in botanical study. The aerial parts consist of an erect, branching stem covered in fine hairs, supporting several lanceolate leaves that grow alternately along the stalk. The flowers are prominent, featuring bright yellow ray florets surrounding a central disc, which serve as the primary visual attractant for pollinators. Finally, the fruits develop as small, cylindrical achenes, each topped with a pappus that facilitates wind dispersal to ensure the continued spread of the species.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| flower | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Calendula arvensis has 9 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Flavonoids, Saponins, 5A, Fatty acids, Flavonoid.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Saponins | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5A | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Fatty acids | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Flavonoid | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| RUTIN | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Sterols | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tannins | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| caffeic acid-hexoside | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Flavonoids
- Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Saponins
- Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
5A
- Planta medica
Fatty acids
- Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences
Flavonoid
- Journal de mycologie medicale
RUTIN
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Sterols
- Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences
Tannins
- Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences
caffeic acid-hexoside
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Activities
Calendula arvensis has 6 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antimutagenic, Antiviral.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial | Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimutagenic | Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Calendula arvensis has 3 reported medicinal uses identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include wound, Candida tropicalis, liver cancer.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| wound | Journal of molecular histology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Candida tropicalis | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| liver cancer | Saudi journal of biological sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| aerial parts | Saudi journal of biological sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aqueous extracts | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dichloromethane and hexane extracts | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extract | Ecotoxicology and environmental safety (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extract of the aerial parts | Journal of natural products (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hexane and methanol extracts | Journal de mycologie medicale (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methanolic extract | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methanolic extracts | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |