Buddleja officinalis

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Buddleja acutifolia f. albiflora
• Buddleja mairei f. albiflora
• Buddleja officinalis f. albiflora

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Buddleja officinalis, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is classified under the class Equisetopsida and the subclass Magnoliidae within the order Lamiales. Finally, it is a member of the family Scrophulariaceae and the genus Buddleja.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad distribution across several key regions of Asia. Within China, it can be found spanning from the South-Central provinces to the North-Central territories. Its presence is also noted throughout the Southeast regions of China and the high-altitude areas of Tibet. Beyond the Chinese borders, the species extends into the Indo-China region. Specifically, its geographical range includes the country of Myanmar.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Buddleja officinalis is characterized by a broad altitudinal distribution, allowing it to occupy diverse mountainous and hilly landscapes. This species demonstrates significant adaptability to varying topographical gradients, with its presence recorded from low-lying areas starting at a minimum elevation of 200 m AMSL up to high-altitude environments reaching a maximum of 2800 m AMSL. Throughout its natural range, the plant maintains a mean elevation of approximately 1500 m AMSL, positioning it primarily within mid-elevation ecological zones. This wide elevational breadth suggests an ability to tolerate a variety of temperature regimes and atmospheric pressures, facilitating its establishment across varied montane ecosystems.

Elevational range max:

2800 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

1500 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

200 m AMSL

Life history

The life history of Buddleja officinalis is characterized by its nature as a perennial, meaning it lives for more than two years and maintains its physiological functions through multiple growing seasons. As a long-lived woody species, its development involves an initial establishment phase followed by sustained vegetative growth and periodic reproductive cycles. Throughout its life cycle, the plant focuses on building a robust root system and woody structure to withstand seasonal changes, ensuring its ability to produce flowering spikes annually once maturity is reached. This perennial strategy allows the plant to persist in its habitat, contributing to its stability within its ecological niche over many years.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Buddleja officinalis is characterized by its distinct growth form and structural composition. It is a woody shrub that exhibits a self-supporting growth habit, functioning as an independent organism without any parasitic or epiphytic requirements. As a terrestrial species, it does not occupy aquatic or semiaquatic niches, nor does it act as a climber, liana, or vine. Instead, its architecture is defined by its permanent woody nature and a robust, self-supporting shrubby structure that allows it to thrive in its natural terrestrial environment.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Woodiness :

woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Buddleja officinalis is characterized by the production of small, specialized fruits that vary in dimension. The fruit size exhibits a specific range of morphological characteristics, with length measurements fluctuating between a minimum of 0.4 cm and a maximum of 0.8 cm, resulting in an average fruit length of approximately 0.6 cm. Similarly, the fruit width demonstrates distinct variability, ranging from a minimum of 0.2 cm to a maximum of 0.3 cm, with a mean width calculated at 0.25 cm. These precise dimensional parameters define the structural output of its reproductive cycle, ensuring the development of seeds within these varying fruit dimensions.

Fruit length max:

0.8 cm

Fruit length mean:

0.6 cm

Fruit length min:

0.4 cm

Fruit width max:

0.3 cm

Fruit width mean:

0.25 cm

Fruit width min:

0.2 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Buddleja officinalis has 2 reported plant parts identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include flower, leaf.

Flower

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
2. Journal of natural products
3. Phytochemistry

Leaf

1. Fitoterapia

Chemicals

Buddleja officinalis has 16 reported phytochemicals identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Echinacoside, Verbascoside, Angoroside A, Campneoside, Crocetin monogentibiosyl ester.

Echinacoside

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
2. Journal of natural products

Verbascoside

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
2. Journal of natural products

Angoroside A

1. Journal of natural products

Campneoside

1. Journal of natural products

Crocetin monogentibiosyl ester

1. Journal of natural products

Flavonoids

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Forsythoside B

1. Journal of natural products

Salidroside

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Songarosaponin A

1. Journal of natural products

acacetin

1. Journal of natural products

Activities

Buddleja officinalis has 3 reported activities identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antioxidant.

Antibacterial

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Anticancer

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Antioxidant

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Conditions

Buddleja officinalis has 2 reported investigations on conditions identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include dry eye disease, wound healing.

Dry eye disease

1. Frontiers in immunology

Wound healing

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Preparations

Buddleja officinalis has 6 reported preparations identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include acid digestion, ethanol extract of Buddleja officinalis (EBO), flower, flower buds, organic solvent extraction.

Acid digestion

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Ethanol extract of buddleja officinalis (ebo)

1. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)

Flower

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Flower buds

1. Journal of natural products

Organic solvent extraction

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Water extraction

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica