Bruguiera gymnorhiza
Kankra
Bruguiera gymnorhiza, commonly known as the large-leafed manilora, is a significant mangrove species found in tropical Indo-Pacific coasts. Beyond its ecological role in stabilizing shorelines, this plant holds medicinal potential. Traditional practices utilize its bark and leaves to treat various ailments, highlighting its importance in ethnobotanical studies.
- Scientific name: Bruguiera gymnorhiza
- Family: Rhizophoraceae
- Native range: Africa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Malpighiales, it is classified under the family Rhizophoraceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic designation is within the genus Bruguiea.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Malpighiales | WCVP |
| Family | Rhizophoraceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Bruguiera | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Bruguiera gymnorhiza, is recognized by various common names across different cultures and languages. In Indonesia, it is referred to as Putut (id), while in Japan, it is called オヒルギ (ja). In South Africa, it is known as Swartwortelboom (af), and in Chinese-speaking regions, it is identified as 紅茄苳 (zh-tw) or 木欖 (zh-hant).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| id | Putut | Wikidata |
| ja | オヒルギ | Wikidata |
| af | Swartwortelboom | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 紅茄苳 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 木欖 | Wikidata |
| zh-hans | 木榄 | Wikidata |
| en-gb | Bruguiera gymnorrhiza | Wikidata |
| th | พังกาหัวสุมดอกแดง | Wikidata |
| ms | Pokok Tumu Merah | Wikidata |
| to | Tongo | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a wide geographical range across several regions of the African continent. In Northeast Tropical Africa, it can be found growing in both Djibouti and Somalia. Its presence extends into East Tropical Africa, specifically within the countries of Kenya and Tanzania. Additionally, the species reaches into South Tropical Africa, where it is located in Mozambique. Together, these locations highlight the diverse habitats inhabited by Brachystegia gymnorhiza.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northeast Tropical Africa | Djibouti | WCVP |
| Northeast Tropical Africa | Somalia | WCVP |
| East Tropical Africa | Kenya | WCVP |
| East Tropical Africa | Tanzania | WCVP |
| South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | Cape Provinces | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | KwaZulu-Natal | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Aldabra | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Comoros | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Mauritius | WCVP |
Chemicals
Bruguiera gymnorhiza has 9 reported phytochemicals identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include bruguierol A, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin, ethyl acetate.
- Total chemicals
- 9
- Scientific sources
- 9
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| bruguierol A | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| chlorogenic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cryptochlorogenic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| epigallocatechin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ethyl acetate | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flavanol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| quinic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tannin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| triterpenoid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Bruguiera gymnorhiza has 1 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial.
- Total activities
- 1
- Scientific sources
- 1
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Bruguiera gymnorhiza has 5 reported medicinal uses identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ZIKV infection, Zika virus, diabetes complications, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
- Total uses
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 5
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ZIKV infection | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Zika virus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| diabetes complications | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |