Aspidosperma polyneuron
Aspidosperma polyneuron · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Aspidosperma polyneuron, commonly known as Peroba rosa, is a majestic tropical tree native to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. This species is highly valued not only for its impressive stature and timber but also for its significant ethnobotanical properties. Historically, various parts of the tree have been utilized in traditional medicine to treat diverse ailments. Most notably, its bark contains alkaloids that have been studied for their potential effectiveness in combating malaria. Understanding the medicinal chemistry of this plant remains vital for ongoing pharmacological research.
- Synonyms
- Thyroma Polyneura · Aspidosperma Venosum · 4 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Apocynaceae
- Distribution
- Southern America
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Aspidosperma polyneuron is a distinctive species recognized by a variety of regional names across different locales. It is frequently referred to by the common names Amargoroso and Carreto in certain botanical circles. Some communities also use the variations Carretto or Costillo Acanalado to identify this specific plant. Furthermore, the name Cumulá is often employed to describe it in other traditional contexts. This diversity in nomenclature highlights the wide geographic and cultural reach of the species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Aspidosperma polyneuron is a complex species characterized by several important botanical synonyms. Taxonomists have previously identified this plant under various names, including Aspidosperma dugandii and Aspidosperma peroba. The species also encompasses specific varieties such as Aspidosperma polyneuron var. longifolium and Aspidosperma polyneuron var. puberulum. Additionally, the name Aspidosperma venosum has been utilized to describe specimens within this group. Understanding these overlapping classifications is essential for accurate botanical identification and study.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Aspidosperma polyneuron is a distinguished member of the kingdom Plantae. This remarkable species belongs to the class Equisetopsida and is categorized under the order Gentianales. Within this taxonomic hierarchy, it is further classified into the family Apocynaceae. It also finds its place within the specific genus Aspidosperma. Together, these biological relationships define the unique botanical identity of this plant.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Aspidosperma |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Aspidosperma polyneuron is widely distributed across the diverse landscapes of South America. In Brazil, this species can be found spanning the Northeast, Southeast, and South regions. Its presence extends northward into Northern South America, specifically within Venezuela. Furthermore, the plant reaches into the southern reaches of the continent, appearing in Northeast Argentina. This broad geographic range highlights the adaptability of the species throughout the region.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Aspidosperma polyneuron is a robust tree that grows in a self-supporting manner. This species is characterized by its impressive stature, reaching significant heights in its natural habitat. Depending on environmental conditions, its height can vary between a minimum of 15 meters and a maximum of 30 meters. Such a substantial growth form makes it a prominent feature within its ecosystem.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Aspidosperma polyneuron is identified as a plant species that has demonstrated activity in malaria patients under clinical observation. This relationship is documented within the archives of Flora Medicinal, an institution that supported ethnomedical research in Brazil for over three decades. The archives highlight its specific use in treating malaria, alongside other notable species like Mikania glomerata and Coutarea hexandra. Such ethnomedical records provide crucial evidence for the medicinal value of this plant in managing the disease. Consequently, Aspidosperma polyneuron serves as a significant example of a botanical resource used traditionally for antimalarial purposes.