Artocarpus integer
Artocarpus integer · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Artocarpus integer is a botanical species that has garnered significant scientific interest due to its diverse pharmacological potential. Recent studies have specifically focused on the plant's root extracts to evaluate their medicinal efficacy. Researchers have identified the presence of the chemical trans-4-isopentenyl-3,5,2',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene within these root components. This compound has demonstrated notable antimalarial activities, particularly when tested against the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Furthermore, investigations into its biological impact have extended to its effects on the enzyme Tyrosinase.
- Synonyms
- Radermachia Integra · Saccus Integer
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Moraceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Root
Classification
Common Names
Artocarpus integer is a fascinating fruit-bearing tree known by a wide variety of regional names. While many enthusiasts recognize it as Cempedak, it is frequently referred to as Champedaque or Chempedak in different linguistic contexts. In certain areas, the plant is also commonly identified by the name Bangkong. Furthermore, it carries the specific designation of Indinis duonmedis in particular botanical circles. These diverse names reflect the widespread cultural significance and varied geographical distribution of this unique species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Artocarpus integer is a botanical species that is often identified through various nomenclatural connections. In many scientific records, this plant is noted to have the synonym Radermachia integra. Additionally, researchers may encounter the name Saccus integer when studying its taxonomic history. These synonymous relationships highlight the complex ways in which botanical classifications can evolve over time. Understanding these different names is essential for ensuring accuracy in plant identification and research.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Artocarpus integer is a remarkable specimen belonging to the diverse kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, the species is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further descends from the order Rosales, which helps define its evolutionary lineage. As a member of the genus Artocarpus, it shares close connections with other closely related species. Finally, this plant is a distinguished representative of the Moraceae family.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Moraceae |
| Genus | Artocarpus |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Artocarpus integer is a tropical species with a broad distribution spanning across several key regions of Asia. Its presence is well-documented throughout the Indian Subcontinent, particularly within the Assam region. The plant also extends its reach into Indo-China, finding suitable habitats in Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. Furthermore, its range stretches into the Malesia region, specifically inhabiting the island of Borneo. This diverse geographic footprint highlights the species' ability to thrive within various tropical ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Artocarpus integer is a self-supporting tree that establishes a robust presence within its natural habitat. This species typically reaches a maximum height of 20 meters, though it can occasionally grow up to 24 meters tall. As a substantial woody plant, its growth form allows it to dominate the forest canopy. Through this impressive stature, the tree becomes a vital component of its surrounding ecosystem.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Artocarpus integer has demonstrated significant potential in the fight against malaria through its natural chemical properties. Recent studies focusing on the plant's aerial parts have successfully isolated a specific prenylated stilbene with potent bioactive effects. This compound, identified as trans-4-(3-methyl-E-but-1-enyl)-3,5,2',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene, showed an EC50 of 1.7 micrograms/ml against Plasmodium falciparum in culture. Researchers also identified other known stilbenes and chromenes within the plant's structure during the investigation. These findings highlight the importance of exploring Artocarpus integer for the development of new antimalarial treatments.
Compounds
Artocarpus integer has been the subject of a comprehensive phytochemical investigation focused on its root extract. Through detailed spectroscopic and computational analysis, researchers successfully identified several bioactive constituents within the plant. Specifically, the study led to the isolation of a unique benzopyran compound. Furthermore, the investigation also confirmed the presence of a new flavanone. These chemical findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the diverse secondary metabolites found in this species.
Conditions
Artocarpus integer contains bioactive compounds that demonstrate significant medicinal potential against specific biological targets. An antimalarial prenylated stilbene isolated from its aerial parts exhibits inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum in culture. Additionally, phytochemical investigations of the plant's roots have revealed various compounds with potent antityrosinase properties. Specifically, a flavone and an arylbenzofuran were identified as effective inhibitors of the tyrosinase enzyme. These findings highlight the plant's capacity to treat malaria and inhibit tyrosinase through different chemical constituents.
Preparations
Parts used
Artocarpus integer serves as a significant subject of phytochemical study, particularly regarding its root components. Researchers have conducted a comprehensive investigation of the extracts derived from these roots to identify bioactive molecules. This process led to the isolation of several new compounds, including geranylated xanthones, a flavone, and a unique benzopyran. Among these, specific compounds like flavone 12 and arylbenzofuran 19 demonstrated potent antityrosinase activity. Through kinetic measurements and docking simulations, scientists discovered that these root-derived substances inhibit enzymes via both competitive and noncompetitive mechanisms.