Chempedak

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Chempedak

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Saccus integer
• Radermachia integra

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Rosales and the family Moraceae, it is classified under the genus Artocarpus. Specifically, Artocarpus integer represents a distinct species within this established taxonomic hierarchy.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is primarily distributed across several distinct ecological regions in Southeast Asia. Within the Indian Subcontinent, its presence is specifically noted in the state of Assam. Its range extends significantly into the Indo-China region, where it can be found in Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. Additionally, the species is located within the Malesia region, specifically on the island of Borneo. These diverse locations highlight the widespread natural habitat of Artocarpus integer across tropical Asia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Artocarpus integer is characterized by its status as a perennial organism, meaning it persists through many growing seasons and maintains a long-term presence in its natural habitat. Throughout its extended lifespan, the plant exhibits evergreen deciduousness, ensuring that it retains its foliage year-round rather than shedding it seasonally. This combination of a perennial lifecycle and evergreen nature allows the species to maintain continuous photosynthetic activity, contributing to its sustained growth and structural development over many years.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Artocarpus integer is characterized by a woody growth form, specifically manifesting as a tree. This plant is primarily terrestrial in its growth habit rather than epiphytic. It is a self-supporting species, possessing a sturdy structure that does not rely on other plants for physical support. In terms of stature, the plant reaches a mean height of approximately 20 m, with a maximum height potential of up to 24 m.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Plant height max:

24 m

Plant height mean:

20 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Artocarpus integer is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its carbon fixation process and metabolic efficiency within its natural habitat. The leaves exhibit specific morphological dimensions, maintaining an average length of 13.1 cm and an average width of 7 cm. Structurally, the foliage is relatively delicate, possessing a mean leaf thickness of 0.032 mm. Furthermore, the plant does not function as a nitrogen fixer, meaning it relies on the availability of nitrogen within the soil rather than through symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation.

Leaf length mean:

13.1 cm

Leaf thickness mean:

0.032 mm

Leaf width mean:

7 cm

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Artocarpus integer is characterized by a biological process involving insect pollination and the production of fleshy fruits. The seeds produced through this cycle exhibit significant morphological characteristics, with a mean seed mass of 6.944 g, ranging from a minimum of 5.555 g to a maximum of 8.333 g. These seeds are substantial in size, featuring a mean length of 27.9 mm and a maximum width of 19.5 mm, while the maximum seed height reaches 16.2 mm. In terms of displacement and capacity, the seed volume is consistently recorded at 8700 mm³, representing both the minimum and maximum observed values as well as the mean volume. The development of these seeds occurs within a fleshy fruit structure, which facilitates the eventual dispersal of the species.

Fruit dryness :

fleshy

Pollination syndrome :

insect

Seed height max:

16.2 mm

Seed length mean:

27.9 mm

Seed mass max:

8.333 g

Seed mass mean:

6.944 g

Seed mass min:

5.555 g

Seed volume max:

8700 mm³

Seed width max:

19.5 mm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Artocarpus integer has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root.

Root

1. Journal of natural products

Chemicals

Artocarpus integer has 4 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include ARTOCARPIN, Cudraflavone C, artocarpanone, trans-4-isopentenyl-3,5,2',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene.

ARTOCARPIN

1. Archives of pharmacal research

Cudraflavone C

1. Archives of pharmacal research

artocarpanone

1. Archives of pharmacal research

trans-4-isopentenyl-3,5,2',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene

1. Phytochemistry

Activities

Artocarpus integer has 1 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimalarial.

Antimalarial

1. Phytochemistry

Conditions

Artocarpus integer has 5 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Plasmodium falciparum, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, hyperpigmentation, tyrosinase.

Plasmodium falciparum

1. Phytochemistry

Propionibacterium acnes

1. Archives of pharmacal research

Staphylococcus aureus

1. Archives of pharmacal research

Hyperpigmentation

1. Archives of pharmacal research

Tyrosinase

1. Journal of natural products

Preparations

Artocarpus integer has 1 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include Artocarpus integer root extract.

Artocarpus integer root extract

1. Journal of natural products