Artocarpus heterophyllus
Artocarpus macrocrapon
Artocarpus heterophyllus, commonly known as jackfruit, is a versatile tropical powerhouse. Beyond its delicious, nutrient-dense fruit, this medicinal giant offers profound health benefits. Its leaves, bark, and seeds are traditionally utilized in various cultures to treat inflammation, digestive issues, and skin ailments, making it a vital botanical resource.
- Scientific name: Artocarpus heterophyllus
- Family: Moraceae
- Native range: Africa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant, Artocarpus heterophyllus, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae and order Rosalales, it is a member of the family Moraceae. It is further categorized under the genus Artocarpus.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Rosales | WCVP |
| Family | Moraceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Artocarpus | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Artocarpus heterophyllus, is recognized by various common names across different languages and cultures. In Chinese, it is referred to as 菠萝蜜 (bōluómì), while in Javanese, it is called Nongko. It is known as པ་ར་མི་ཏ། in Tibetan, chlebowiec różnolistny in Polish, and is called பலா (palā) in Tamil.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| zh | 菠萝蜜 | Wikidata |
| jv | Nongko | Wikidata |
| bo | པ་ར་མི་ཏ། | Wikidata |
| pl | chlebowiec różnolistny | Wikidata |
| ta | பலா | Wikidata |
| hu | jákafa | Wikidata |
| ms | Pokok Nangka | Wikidata |
| to | Mei ʻinitia | Wikidata |
| et | Jaka | Wikidata |
| bn | কাঁঠাল | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution spanning across several tropical regions. In West Tropical Africa, its presence is noted in both Gambia and Guinea. Moving toward the center of the continent, it can be found throughout West-Central Tropical Africa, specifically in Cameroon and the Gulf of Guinea Islands. Additionally, its range extends across the ocean to the Western Indian Ocean. Within this maritime region, the species is specifically documented in the Comoros.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| West Tropical Africa | Gambia | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Guinea | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | Gulf of Guinea Is. | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Comoros | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Mauritius | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Réunion | WCVP |
| Western Indian Ocean | Seychelles | WCVP |
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | Hainan | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Artocarpus heterophyllus, commonly known as jackfruit, possesses various parts that are utilized for their medicinal and practical properties. The large, fleshy fruits are the most well-known component, often used to provide nutrition and support digestive health. The thick, woody stems and the dense, sturdy wood of the tree are valued for their durability, while the roots are sometimes employed in traditional remedies for their specific bioactive compounds. Additionally, the broad, green leaves are frequently used in various cultural practices and herbal preparations, contributing to the overall medicinal versatility of the species.- Total parts
- 10
- Scientific sources
- 15
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| wood | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| roots | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruits | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| stems | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| mature leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| latex | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Seeds | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Fruits | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Artocarpus heterophyllus has 19 reported phytochemicals identified across 21 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, 1,4-dibutyl benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate, 3-Prenyl luteolin, 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-isoprenylflavone, Lysine.
- Total chemicals
- 19
- Scientific sources
- 21
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| flavonoids | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| 1,4-dibutyl benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 3-Prenyl luteolin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-isoprenylflavone | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Lysine | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| PF | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| PFs | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| alpha-amylase | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| artocarpanone | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ascorbic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Artocarpus heterophyllus has 5 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antiphlogistic, Antithrombotic.
- Total activities
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antiproliferative | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiphlogistic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antithrombotic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Artocarpus heterophyllus has 13 reported medicinal uses identified across 14 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cancer, HIV-1, Streptobacillus, air pollution, alpha-amylase.
- Total uses
- 13
- Scientific sources
- 14
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| cancer | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| HIV-1 | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Streptobacillus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| air pollution | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| alpha-amylase | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| blood cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| colon cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| deep vein thrombosis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dental caries | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |