climbing ilang-ilang

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• climbing ilang-ilang
• climbing ylang-ylang
• Climbing Ilang Ilang
• Climbing Yiang Yiang
• Fragrant Tail Grape
• Green champa
• Hexapetalous Tailgrape
• Sixpetal Eagleclaw
• Sixpetal Tailgrape

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Artabotrys uncatus
• Artabotrys odoratissimus var. intermedius
• Annona uncinata
• Annona hexapetala
• Uvaria esculenta
• Uvaria uncata
• Uvaria sinensis
• Uvaria odoratissima
• Unona hamata
• Unona esculenta
• Artabotrys intermedius
• Unona uncinata
• Artabotrys uncinatus

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Magnoliales, it is classified under the family Annonaceae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Artabotrys.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical distribution spanning across several distinct regions. Within the Western Indian Ocean, it can be found specifically in the Comoros. Its presence in China is widespread, covering the South-Central, Southeast, and Hainan areas. Furthermore, the species extends its range into Eastern Asia, specifically inhabiting Taiwan. These diverse locations highlight the varied environmental adaptability of the species.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Artabotrys hexapetalus is characterized by its nature as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. As a phanerophyte, its regenerative buds are located on aerial shoots, typically manifesting as a woody climbing vine that seeks structural support to reach sunlight. This species maintains an evergreen deciduousness, ensuring that it retains its foliage throughout the year rather than shedding it seasonally. Within its ecological niche, the plant functions as a phanerophyte, utilizing its elevated growth habit to thrive in diverse tropical environments.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Artabotrys hexapetalus is characterized by its woody structure and a growth form that functions as a shrub-like liana. It is an obligatory climber, utilizing its woody stems to ascend, typically reaching an average plant height of approximately 5 m. As a terrestrial plant, it does not exhibit epiphytic or aquatic tendencies, growing independently from other organisms without parasitic behavior.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

liana

Climber :

obligatory

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height mean:

5 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Artabotrys hexapetalus is characterized by specific morphological and metabolic parameters, particularly regarding its foliage and nutrient acquisition strategies. The plant exhibits a varied leaf architecture, with leaf lengths ranging from a minimum of 6 cm to a maximum of 16 cm, maintaining an average leaf length of approximately 11 cm. In terms of water storage mechanisms, the species does not exhibit succulence, indicating a reliance on standard transpiration and hydration processes rather than specialized fleshy tissues for moisture retention. Furthermore, the plant does not function as a nitrogen fixer, meaning it lacks the symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria required to convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms, depending instead on the availability of nitrogen within the soil substrate for its physiological development.

Leaf length max:

16 cm

Leaf length mean:

11 cm

Leaf length min:

6 cm

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Succulence :

no

Reproduction

The reproduction of Artabotrys hexapetalus is characterized by the development of specialized fruit structures and seeds that facilitate its life cycle. The plant produces fruits that vary in dimension, with a mean length of 3.25 cm and a range spanning from a minimum of 2.5 cm to a maximum of 4 cm. The fruit width remains consistent, maintaining a mean, minimum, and maximum value of 2.5 cm. Within these fruits, the seeds exhibit highly uniform characteristics, possessing a mean seed mass of 0.587 g, which is also reflected as both the minimum and maximum recorded mass. The dispersal of these reproductive units is complex, involving a wide array of syndromes including anemochorous, anthropochorous, autochorous, endozoochorous, epizoochorous, hydrochorous, myrmecocorous, unspecialized, and zoochorous methods, allowing the species to utilize various environmental vectors for distribution.

Dispersal syndrome :

anthropochorous

Fruit length max:

4 cm

Fruit length mean:

3.25 cm

Fruit length min:

2.5 cm

Fruit width max:

2.5 cm

Seed mass mean:

0.587 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Artabotrys hexapetalus has 5 reported plant parts identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include fruit, root, leaf, seed, stem.

Fruit

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
3. Ayu

Root

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
3. Ayu

Leaf

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Seed

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Stem

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Chemicals

Artabotrys hexapetalus has 24 reported phytochemicals identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Uncinine, (R)-Artabotriol, Americanin B, Aporphine, Artabonatine C.

Uncinine

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Journal of natural products

(R)-Artabotriol

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Americanin B

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Aporphine

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Artabonatine C

1. Journal of natural products

Artabonatine D

1. Journal of natural products

Artabonatine E

1. Journal of natural products

Artabonatine F

1. Journal of natural products

Artabotrycinol

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Artabotryside A

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Activities

Artabotrys hexapetalus has 2 reported activities identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antiproliferative.

Antioxidant

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antiproliferative

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Medicinal Uses

Artabotrys hexapetalus has 5 reported medicinal uses identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include malaria, scrofula, Leishmania donovani, fevers, ulcers.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations