Amur Jack-in-the-pulpit

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Amur Jack-in-the-pulpit

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Arisaema amurense var. denticulatum
• Arisaema komarovii
• Arisaema robustum var. sachalinense
• Arisaema robustum f. variegatum
• Arisaema amurense f. purpureum
• Arisaema amurense var. purpureum
• Arisaema amurense var. robustum
• Arisaema amurense subsp. robustum
• Arisaema amurense var. serratum
• Arisaema amurense f. violaceum
• Arisaema amurense var. violaceum
• Arisaema amurense var. magnidens
• Arisaema robustum
• Arisaema robustum var. purpureum
• Arisaema amurense f. serratum

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Arisaema amurense, belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. It is further classified under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Alismatales. Finally, it is a member of the family Araceae and falls under the genus Arisaema.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is primarily distributed throughout the temperate regions of East Asia. In the Russian Far East, its presence is documented in Khabarovsk, Primorye, and on the island of Sakhalin. The species also extends into northern China, where it can be found within Inner Mongolia. Furthermore, its range encompasses the broader Manchuria region. These specific locations define the natural geographical footprint of Arisaema amurense.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Arisaema amurense is defined by its preference for moist, shaded environments typically found within forest ecosystems, mountain ranges, and areas proximal to rivers. Thriving in these temperate habitats, the species relies on the organic-rich, well-drained soils characteristic of woodland floors where filtered sunlight can penetrate the canopy. The proximity to river systems and mountainous terrain provides the essential high humidity and consistent soil moisture levels necessary for its seasonal growth cycles. Within these complex forest structures, the plant occupies specific niches where the interplay of topographical moisture gradients and forest shade creates a stable microclimate suitable for its development.

Habitat :

forest, mountains, rivers

Life history

The life history of Arisaema amurense is characterized by its status as a perennial organism, allowing it to persist in its habitat through multiple growing seasons. As a plant that relies on underground storage organs to survive unfavorable environmental conditions, its life form is classified as a geophyte, which falls under the broader category of crypto-phytes. This botanical strategy ensures that the essential regenerative parts of the plant remain protected beneath the soil surface during dormancy, enabling it to re-emerge and continue its developmental cycle annually.

Life form :

geophyte

Life form :

cryptophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Arisaema amurense is characterized by its classification as a herbaceous plant, specifically functioning as a non-woody herb. In terms of its ecological habit and positioning, it is a terrestrial species, lacking any aquatic or semiaquatic tendencies, and it does not function as an epiphyte. The plant maintains a self-supporting growth habit, as it is neither a climber (such as a liana or vine) nor an obligatory or facultative climber, but rather stands independently. Furthermore, it is an independent organism, showing no parasitic behavior toward other plants.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Parasite :

independent

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Arisaema amurense is characterized by a metabolic framework governed by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which is typical for many shade-tolerant herbaceous perennials found in temperate forest understories. Under this C3 mechanism, the plant utilizes the enzyme RuBisCO to facilitate the initial fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide into three-carbon compounds during the Calvin cycle. This pathway is highly efficient in the moist, cool, and partially shaded environments where the species thrives, as it avoids the high energetic costs associated with specialized CO2-concentrating mechanisms. The plant's physiological processes are closely tied to its seasonal phenology, where carbon assimilation and energy storage are optimized during the growing season to support the development of its underground tuberous structures. This metabolic strategy allows for effective resource management in fluctuating light conditions, ensuring that photosynthetic efficiency is maintained despite the competitive light environments of its native habitat.

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Arisaema amurense has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include rhizome.

Rhizome

1. The Journal of emergency medicine

Chemicals

Arisaema amurense has 2 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include CALCIUM OXALATE, HYODEOXYCHOLIC ACID.

CALCIUM OXALATE

1. The Journal of emergency medicine

HYODEOXYCHOLIC ACID

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Conditions

Arisaema amurense has 1 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include inflammation.

Inflammation

1. Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology

Preparations

Arisaema amurense has 3 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include 50% aqueous methanol extracts, Arisaematis Rhizoma, rhizome.

50% aqueous methanol extracts

1. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

Arisaematis rhizoma

1. Genetics and molecular research : GMR

Rhizome

1. The Journal of emergency medicine