What to know about Aralia cordata (devil's walking stick) before using it medicinally

Aralia cordata, commonly known as devil's walking stick, is a herb rich in health properties that improve overall well-being by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and has been found to have potential anti-diabetic and anti-cancer properties.

As an ornamental plant, Aralia cordata boasts attractive foliage and a distinctive branching habit, making it a popular choice for horticultural enthusiasts and gardeners. Botanically, Aralia cordata is a member of the Araliaceae family and is characterized by its large, palmate leaves and showy white flowers.

Historically, the herb has been referenced in traditional medicine for centuries, particularly in Asian cultures, where it is still valued for its medicinal and spiritual properties.

This article explains the medicinal, horticultural, botanical, and historical aspects of Aralia cordata.

What are the medicinal properties of Aralia cordata?

Aralia cordata helps with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. It has been used to treat various ailments such as fever, rheumatism, and skin conditions. Its medicinal uses are widespread in traditional medicine. Studies have confirmed its efficacy in reducing inflammation and improving immune function.

The active constituents of Aralia cordata include sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, and phenolic compounds. These compounds are responsible for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. The plant's chemical composition has been studied and identified, and its medicinal properties are attributed to these compounds. The exact mechanisms of action have been documented.

The parts of the plant most used for medicinal purposes are the roots, rhizomes, and leaves. These parts are rich in bioactive compounds and have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The roots and rhizomes are particularly valued for their anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. The leaves are used for their antioxidant and antiseptic properties.

Possible side effects of using Aralia cordata include allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset, and interactions with medications. Improper use or excessive consumption can lead to adverse effects. Concomitant use with other medications may increase the risk of side effects.

Precautions when using Aralia cordata medicinally include proper identification, dosage, and preparation. Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential before using the plant for medicinal purposes. Pregnant or breastfeeding women, children, and individuals with pre-existing medical conditions should exercise caution.

What are the horticulural aspects of Aralia cordata?

Aralia cordata grow best in moist, well-drained soil and partial shade to full sun. It can tolerate a wide range of soils but performs best in fertile, slightly acidic conditions with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5.

Planting tips for Aralia cordata include planting seeds in the spring or fall, about 1/4 inch deep and 12 inches apart. Water thoroughly and keep the soil consistently moist during the first year. Established plants require regular watering but can tolerate some drought.

Harvesting tips for Aralia cordata involve cutting back the stalks to the ground after the first frost, allowing new growth to emerge in the spring. Leaves can be harvested at any time, but the best time is in late summer to early fall when the plants are producing new growth. Roots can be harvested in the fall.

Pests that commonly affect Aralia cordata include Japanese beetles, root knot nematodes, and spider mites. Diseases such as root rot, leaf spot, and powdery mildew can also affect the plant. Regular monitoring and maintenance can help prevent infestations and infections.

What are the botanical aspects of Aralia cordata?

Aralia cordata is a deciduous shrub or small tree with a straight, columnar stem, often 3-10 m tall, with a broad, rounded crown and dark green, palmate leaves with 5-7 lobes.

Its taxonomical classification is as follows: Kingdom: Plantae, Clade: Angiosperms, Clade: Eudicots, Clade: Asterids, Order: Apiales, Family: Araliaceae, Genus: Aralia, Species: A. cordata.

Several variants of Aralia cordata are recognized, including A. cordata var. japonica, which is more compact and has smaller leaves, and A. cordata var. koreana, which is smaller and has narrower leaves.

Aralia cordata is native to East Asia, including China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, and has been naturalized in other parts of Asia, including the Philippines and Southeast Asia. It has also been introduced to North America as an ornamental.

The life cycle of Aralia cordata begins with germination, which occurs in 2-3 weeks after sowing. The plant grows rapidly during the first year, producing leaves and flowers, and reaches maturity in 5-7 years, producing seeds and fruits.

What are the historical aspects of Aralia cordata?

Aralia cordata is a plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. It has been employed to treat various ailments, including fever, rheumatism, and snake bites. In many cultures, its extracts have been used to create ointments and teas.

In Japanese and Korean mythologies, Aralia cordata is associated with protection against evil spirits and misfortune. It is also said to possess the power to ward off demons and evil entities. In some tales, the plant is described as a guardian of the household.

The plant's unique shape, with its branching stems and thorny tips, has led to its association with the following symbolic meanings: protection, vigilance, and steadfastness. Its ability to defend against harm has also led to its connection to themes of resilience and adaptability.

The historical use of Aralia cordata is documented in several ancient texts, including the Ben Cao Gang Mu, a 16th-century Chinese medical text. The book describes the plant's properties and provides instructions for its preparation. Similar texts, such as the Materia Medica of Dioscorides, also mention its medicinal uses.

Artefacts that showcase Aralia cordata's historical significance include ancient illustrations and woodblock prints from Asian art. For example, 16th-century Japanese woodblock prints depict the plant in its natural environment, highlighting its role in traditional medicine. Similarly, 19th-century Chinese art often features the plant as a decorative motif.