Madeira-vine

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Madeira-vine
• Maderia-Vine
• basell-potatoes
• bridal wreath
• mignonette-vine
• Cordate-leaved Anredera
• Madeira Vine
• Mignonette vine
• White Shroud
• heartleaf madeiravine

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Anredera cordifolia subsp. gracilis
• Anredera americana
• Boussingaultia cordata
• Boussingaultia cordifolia
• Boussingaultia gracilis
• Boussingaultia gracilis f. pseudobaselloides
• Boussingaultia gracilis var. pseudobaselloides

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Caryophyllales, it is classified under the family Basellaceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic designation is within the genus Anredera.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant, Anemone cordifolia, exhibits a specific geographical range concentrated within the Mediterranean region. Its distribution is primarily found throughout Southwestern Europe, spanning several distinct territories. Specifically, it can be located in the coastal and island areas of France and Portugal. The species is also well-documented across the Iberian Peninsula, appearing in both Spain and the Baleares. Additionally, its presence extends to the island of Corse, rounding out its regional habitat.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Anredera cordifolia is characterized by its broad adaptability across diverse topographical gradients, spanning an elevational range from 0 m to a maximum of 2000 m AMSL. While specific primary habitat classifications are often noted with uncertainty (?), the species typically thrives in various environments where it can establish itself as a vigorous climber. Its ability to persist from sea level up to high-altitude montane regions indicates a high degree of environmental plasticity, allowing it to colonize a wide variety of ecosystems within this altitudinal belt.

Elevational range max:

2000 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

0 m AMSL

Habitat :

(?)

Genetics

The genetics of Anandra cordifolia are characterized by a specific karyotype that defines its cellular architecture and reproductive stability. A fundamental aspect of its genomic makeup is its chromosome number, which is documented at 24. This diploid number provides the structural basis for the plant's inheritance patterns and genetic diversity, influencing various physiological and morphological traits essential to its biological function. This chromosomal configuration serves as a critical genetic marker for the species, playing a vital role in meiotic processes and the transmission of hereditary information across generations.

Chromosome number :

24

Life history

The life history of Anredera cordifolia is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. It functions biologically as a geophyte, relying on specialized underground structures to survive and regenerate. Its life form is further classified as a cryptophyte, as its vital organs are protected at or below the soil surface. Additionally, the plant maintains an evergreen deciduousness, ensuring that its foliage remains functional and green throughout its lifecycle.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Life form :

geophyte

Life form :

cryptophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Anredera cordifolia is characterized by its growth form as a climbing herb and forb, functioning as an obligatory vine. It is a terrestrial species that grows independently, showing no parasitic tendencies, and possesses variable woodiness in its structure. As a climber, it can reach significant dimensions, with a plant height ranging from a minimum of 1.5 m to a maximum of 10 m, maintaining an average height of approximately 9 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

vine

Climber :

obligatory

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

10 m

Plant height mean:

9 m

Plant height min:

1.5 m

Woodiness :

variable

Physiology

The physiology of Anredera cordifolia is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its metabolic processes and carbon fixation strategies. The plant exhibits succulence, a physiological adaptation that allows for enhanced water storage within its tissues, aiding in moisture retention. Its foliar morphology plays a significant role in its physiological performance, featuring elliptic leaf forms that vary in size; the leaves typically maintain a mean length of 4 cm (ranging from a minimum of 1 cm to a maximum of 15 cm) and a mean width of 3.5 cm, with widths spanning from a minimum of 0.8 cm to a maximum of 10 cm. Furthermore, the plant does not function as a nitrogen fixer, meaning it relies on external soil nitrogen sources rather than symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation to support its physiological growth and development.

Leaf form :

elliptic

Leaf length max:

15 cm

Leaf length mean:

4 cm

Leaf length min:

1 cm

Leaf width max:

10 cm

Leaf width mean:

3.5 cm

Leaf width min:

0.8 cm

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Succulence :

yes

Reproduction

The reproduction of Anredera cordifolia involves both sexual and asexual mechanisms, with asexual reproduction being present to aid in its spread. The sexual reproduction process is characterized by bisexual flowers that are white in color. These flowers are relatively small, measuring between 0.25 cm and 0.3 cm in length, and are arranged in inflorescences that range from a minimum length of 0.07 m to a maximum of 0.25 m. The flowering season begins in May and continues through November. Pollination is a biotic process specifically driven by insects, and the plant does not exhibit self-fertilization. Following pollination, the plant produces a high volume of seeds, with each fruit containing more than 1000 seeds. These seeds are extremely minute, with a mean mass of approximately 0.01 g, while specific measurements for seed length and width are recorded at 0 mm. The dispersal of these seeds follows an unspecialized syndrome, though it also exhibits anthropochorous traits, meaning dispersal can be influenced by human activity.

Dispersal syndrome :

unspecialized

Dispersal syndrome :

anthropochorous

Flower colour :

white

Flower length max:

0.3 cm

Flower length min:

0.25 cm

Flowering time :

May

Flowering time :

Nov

Inflorescence length max:

0.25 m

Inflorescence length min:

0.07 m

Pollination syndrome :

insect

Pollination syndrome :

biotic

Reproduction asexual :

present

Reproduction sexual :

bisexual

Seed length mean:

0 mm

Seed mass max:

0 g

Seed mass mean:

0.01 g

Seed width mean:

0 mm

Seeds_per_fruit :

>1000

Self fertilization :

absent

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Anredera cordifolia has 8 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 3-Hydroxy-alpha-ionone, Calenduloside E, Larreagenin A, Procyanidin, Ursolic acid.

3-Hydroxy-alpha-ionone

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Calenduloside E

1. Acta medica Philippina

Larreagenin A

1. Acta medica Philippina

Procyanidin

1. Journal of tropical medicine

Ursolic acid

1. Acta medica Philippina

Vitexin

1. Journal of tropical medicine

methyl linoleic acid

1. Journal of tropical medicine

oleic acid

1. Journal of tropical medicine

Activities

Anredera cordifolia has 1 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antihypercholesterolemic.

Antihypercholesterolemic

1. Acta medica Philippina

Conditions

Anredera cordifolia has 5 reported investigations on conditions identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Diabetes mellitus, Hypercholesterolemia, SARS-CoV-2, hyperglycemia, sexually transmitted diseases.

Diabetes mellitus

1. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences

Hypercholesterolemia

1. Acta medica Philippina

Sars-cov-2

1. Journal of tropical medicine

Hyperglycemia

1. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences

Sexually transmitted diseases

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Preparations

Anredera cordifolia has 1 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include Extracts.

Extracts

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology