Annona emarginata

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Rollinia occidentalis
• Rollinia odoriflora
• Rollinia rugulosa subsp. australis
• Rollinia intermedia
• Rollinia longifolia var. paraguariensis
• Rollinia longipetala
• Rollinia emarginata var. longipetala
• Rollinia sonderiana
• Rollinia hassleriana var. vestita
• Rollinia emarginata
• Rollinia glaziovii
• Rollinia hassleriana
• Rollinia viridis

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, specifically classified within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Following the order Magnoliales, it is a member of the family Annonaceae. Finally, it is categorized under the genus Annona.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is primarily distributed across the diverse landscapes of Western South America. Within this region, its presence is specifically documented in both Bolivia and Peru. In addition to these western territories, the species extends significantly into the vast country of Brazil. It can be found inhabiting the West-Central, Northeast, and Southeast regions of Brazil. Consequently, its range spans a wide variety of ecological zones across the South American continent.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Annona emarginata is characterized by its ability to thrive across a diverse range of Brazilian biomes and significant altitudinal gradients. This species is found in varied habitats, including the Cerrado (latu sensu), Floresta Ombrófila (also known as Floresta Pluvial), and the coastal Restinga ecosystems. Its environmental tolerance allows it to occupy an expansive elevational range, spanning from sea level (0 m AMSL) up to a maximum altitude of 1000 m AMSL.

Elevational range max:

1000 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

0 m AMSL

Habitat :

Cerrado (lato sensu), Floresta Ombrófila (= Floresta Pluvial), Restinga

Life history

The life history of Annona emarginata is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, ensuring its presence in the ecosystem over multiple growing seasons. As a phanerophyte, it maintains its buds well above the ground level, typically manifesting as a woody shrub or tree that allows it to dominate its specific niche. The plant exhibits a deciduous nature, shedding its foliage periodically, a strategy often linked to seasonal adaptations or moisture management. This combination of a perennial lifecycle, a phanerophyte life form, and deciduous foliage defines its biological strategy for survival and long-term development in its natural habitat.

Deciduousness :

deciduous

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Annona emarginata is characterized by a woody growth form that can manifest as both a shrub and a tree. This species typically reaches a mean plant height of 3 m, though it has the capacity to grow as large as 20 m. As a terrestrial plant, it does not exhibit aquatic or semi-aquatic tendencies, nor does it function as an epiphyte, remaining strictly terrestrial in its life cycle. The plant is independent in its nutritional requirements, showing no parasitic behavior. Furthermore, it is a self-supporting organism, lacking the climbing habits of a liana or vine.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

20 m

Plant height mean:

3 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Annona emarginata is characterized by its complex metabolic processes and specialized nutrient acquisition strategies. As a member of the Annonaceae family, the plant engages in standard photosynthetic pathways to convert solar energy into chemical energy, driving its growth and structural development. Regarding its relationship with soil nutrients, the species does not exhibit the ability to engage in symbiotic nitrogen fixation; therefore, it is categorized as a non-nitrogen fixer (trait_1: Nitrogen fixer; trait_value: no). This physiological trait necessitates a reliance on the uptake of nitrates and ammonium directly from the soil through its root system, making its growth patterns highly dependent on the availability of organic matter and soil nitrogen levels. Its metabolic efficiency is further shaped by its ability to manage water potential and osmotic balance, allowing it to maintain cellular turgor and facilitate nutrient transport through its vascular tissues.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Annona emarginata has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem.

Stem

1. Planta medica

Chemicals

Annona emarginata has 6 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include ACETOGENINS, Lirioresinol b, Rollidecin B, Rolliniastatin-1, Squamocin.

ACETOGENINS

1. Planta medica

Lirioresinol b

1. Planta medica

Rollidecin B

1. Planta medica

Rolliniastatin-1

1. Planta medica

Squamocin

1. Planta medica

Sylvaticin

1. Planta medica

Preparations

Annona emarginata has 1 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include MeOH extract of the stem barks.

Meoh extract of the stem barks

1. Planta medica