Anisodus stramoniifolius

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Scopolia lurida
• Scopolia anomala
• Whitleya stramoniifolia
• Scopolia straminiifolia
• Scopolia mairei
• Anisodus luridus
• Anisodus mairei
• Scopolina stemonifolia
• Nicandra anomala
• Physalis stramoniifolia
• Hyoscyamus luridus
• Anisodus anomalus
• Anisodus luridus var. fischerianus
• Anisodus fischerianus

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Anisodorus stramoniifolius, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is classified under the order Solanales and the family Solanaceae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Anisodorus.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a widespread distribution across several key regions in Asia. In China, it can be found throughout the South-Central territories as well as in the high-altitude regions of Tibet. Its presence extends into the Indian Subcontinent, where it thrives within the East Himalaya range. Additionally, the species is documented to grow in the mountainous terrain of Nepal. Finally, the plant is also widely distributed across the West Himalaya region.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Anisodus stramoniifolius is defined by its distribution within high-altitude montane environments, where it occupies a specific vertical niche. This plant thrives across a significant altitudinal gradient, ranging from a minimum elevation of 2200 m AMSL to a maximum peak of 4200 m AMSL. Within this specialized habitat, the species maintains a mean elevation of approximately 3700 m AMSL, indicating a strong ecological preference for subalpine or alpine zones. These high-elevation ranges suggest an adaptation to the unique climatic conditions associated with such altitudes, including lower temperatures and varying levels of solar radiation.

Elevational range max:

4200 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

3700 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

2200 m AMSL

Life history

The life history of Anisodus stamoniifolius is characterized by its status as a perennial organism, allowing it to persist in its environment over multiple growing seasons. As a perennial species, it undergoes complex developmental stages that extend beyond a single reproductive cycle, often establishing a robust root system that facilitates long-term survival and seasonal regrowth. This extended lifecycle enables the plant to accumulate sufficient energy reserves to support successive flowering and seed production events, contributing to its ecological stability and ability to colonize specific habitats over time.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Anisodus stamoniifolius is characterized by its herbaceous growth form, presenting as a non-woody plant. As a terrestrial species, it lacks climbing mechanisms, functioning instead as a self-supporting herb. The plant exhibits significant variation in stature, with heights ranging from a minimum of 0.5 m to a maximum of 1.2 m, maintaining an average plant height of approximately 0.85 m.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Plant height max:

1.2 m

Plant height mean:

0.85 m

Plant height min:

0.5 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiological development of Anisodus stamoniifolius is closely characterized by the morphological variability and structural dimensions of its foliage, which serve as primary sites for metabolic activity and photosynthesis. The leaves exhibit a significant range in size, with longitudinal growth spanning from a minimum length of 7 cm to a maximum of 15 cm, maintaining a mean length of approximately 11 cm. This dimensional plasticity is mirrored in the lateral expansion of the leaf blades, where widths fluctuate between a minimum of 4 cm and a maximum of 8.5 cm. These specific leaf area metrics suggest a highly adaptive photosynthetic surface area that can adjust to varying light intensities and environmental conditions, facilitating efficient gas exchange and nutrient assimilation essential to the plant's physiological vigor.

Leaf length max:

15 cm

Leaf length mean:

11 cm

Leaf length min:

7 cm

Leaf width max:

8.5 cm

Leaf width min:

4 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Anisodus stramoniifolius has 2 reported plant parts identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root, leaf.

Root

1. ACS omega
2. Biochemical and biophysical research communications
3. Frontiers in plant science

Leaf

1. Natural product research

Chemicals

Anisodus stramoniifolius has 7 reported phytochemicals identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include hyoscyamine, scopolamine, Tropine, Tropinone, apigenin.

hyoscyamine

1. ACS omega
2. Biochemical and biophysical research communications
3. Frontiers in plant science

scopolamine

1. ACS omega
2. Biochemical and biophysical research communications
3. Frontiers in plant science

Tropine

1. Frontiers in plant science

Tropinone

1. Frontiers in plant science

apigenin

1. Natural product research

luteolin

1. Natural product research

quercetin

1. Natural product research