Angelica archangelica

What is Angelica archangelica?

Angelica archangelica is a biennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Apiaceae.

It has a tall stem, up to 3 meters high, with large, compound leaves that are pinnately divided into 3-5 pairs of leaflets. The plant produces small, greenish-yellow flowers in large umbels at the top of the stem, which are followed by seeds in a dry schizocarp. The roots of the plant are fleshy and edible, while the stem and leaves contain angelic root oil, which has been used in traditional medicine.

The plant grows in wetlands and along streams in Northern Europe, Asia, and North America.

What ailments can you heal with this herb?

The most common ailments you can heal with Angelica archangelica are inflammation, digestive issues, diarrhea and gastroenteritis, which Angelica archangelica roots and rhizomes have been used to treat for centuries due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

In addition to these, Angelica archangelica has also been used to alleviate menstrual cramps, fever and respiratory infections by stimulating the immune system and reducing the severity of symptoms. The plant's essential oil has also been applied topically to treat skin conditions, rheumatism and respiratory issues, as well as to reduce indigestion and nausea. Furthermore, Angelica archangelica has been traditionally used to combat urinary tract infections and respiratory problems, such as coughs and sore throats, due to its antiseptic and expectorant properties.

Additionally, it has been used to alleviate anxiety and fever reduction, as well as to soothe skin irritations.

What are the therapeutic properties this herb?

The main therapeutic properties of Angelica archangelica are rooted in its antioxidant activity, which helps protect against cell damage and oxidative stress caused by free radicals.

The plant's antimicrobial properties are attributed to its bioactive compounds, including volatile oils and phenolic acids, which inhibit the growth of various microorganisms. The anti-inflammatory properties of Angelica archangelica are primarily due to its saponin and flavonoid content, which reduce inflammation and alleviate conditions such as arthritis. The antispasmodic effects of the plant are mediated by its sesquiterpene lactones, which relax smooth muscle tissue and relieve spasms.

Additionally, the plant's analgesic properties are attributed to its volatile oils and phenolic acids, which provide pain relief and reduce fever.

What are the medicinal constituents this herb?

The most important healing constituents of Angelica archangelica are ligustilide, coumarins, butylphthalide, volatile oils (sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes), and falcarinol.

Ligustilide, a sesquiterpene lactone, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregatory activities, while butylphthalide has shown neuroprotective effects. Coumarins, such as scopoletin and umbelliferone, possess anticoagulant and antioxidant properties. Volatile oils, including sesquiterpenes like beta-farnesene and monoterpenes like limonene, demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions.

Falcarinol, a polyacetylene, has been found to inhibit platelet aggregation and exhibit antioxidant activity.

What are the main herbal preparations this herb?

The main herbal preparations of Angelica archangelica are used due to its bioactive compounds, particularly polyacetylenes, sesquiterpenes, and volatile oils.

Angelica tincture is prepared through a solvent extraction method to preserve its medicinal properties, often used to treat digestive issues and inflammation. Angelica tea and infusion are herbal drinks made by steeping the dried root in hot water, traditionally used to alleviate colds, fever, and respiratory problems. Angelica salve is a topical preparation, usually made by infusing the plant in a carrier oil, applied to soothe skin irritations, wounds, and inflammation.

Angelica essential oil, obtained through steam distillation, is used in aromatherapy to relieve stress, promote sleep, and ease pain, but should be used in moderation due to its potential toxicity.

What are the possible side effects of using this herb improperly?

The possible side effects of using Angelica archangelica improperly include inducing allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to its compounds, such as furanocoumarins, which can cause symptoms like hives, itching, and swelling.

Ingesting large quantities of Angelica archangelica may also induce nausea, vomiting, and stomach discomfort due to its irritating properties. Furthermore, using Angelica archangelica for an extended period may elevate liver enzymes, which can be a concern for individuals with pre-existing liver conditions. Additionally, Angelica archangelica interacts with certain medications, such as anticoagulants, and can enhance their effects, leading to bleeding complications.

This herb can also exacerbate conditions like bleeding disorders, diabetes, and high blood pressure, requiring careful monitoring and dosing to avoid adverse reactions.