dill
Anethum graveolens · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (1420 studies) · ★★★★★
Dill, scientifically known as Anethum graveolens, is a versatile aromatic herb celebrated for both its culinary and medicinal properties. Rich in essential oils, it is traditionally used to soothe digestive issues, alleviate bloating, and reduce inflammation. This fragrant plant serves as a potent natural remedy in holistic wellness practices.
- Family
- Apiaceae
- Native range
- Europe
- Parts used
- Seeds · Fruits
- Common names
- Dill · Garden Dill
- Scientific synonyms
- Pastinaca Graveolens · Pastinaca Anethum · 24 more
Names
Common Names
- dill
- garden dill
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Peucedanum sowa
- Eneldo
- Anetaverón
- Abezon domestico
- Aneldo
- Avezon doméstico
- Avezón doméstico
- Abezon doméstico
- Avezón domestico
- Neeneldo
- Avezon domestico
- Abeson
- Eneldo viscoso
- Abezón domestico
- Anega
- Anetaveron
- Hinojo fétido
- Anella
- Ferula marathrophylla
- Peucedanum graveolens
- Anethum sowa
- Abezón doméstico
- Hinojo hediondo
- Abesón
- Hinojo fetido
- Peucedanum anethum
- anís alemán
- eneldo
- Abesón
- Hinojo
German:
- Dill
- Dille
- Dillöl
- Gurkenkraut
- Dillkraut
- Gurkenkraut
- Echter Dill
French:
- aneth
- Aneth Odorant
- Fenouil bâtard
- anet
- aneth
- aneth odorant
- fenouil bâtard
- Fenouil batard
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Anethum graveolensSynonyms
- Pastinaca graveolens
- Pastinaca anethum
- Peucedanum anethum
- Selinum graveolens
- Anethum graveolens subsp. segetum
- Angelica graveolens
- Anethum graveolens var. segetum
- Anethum graveolens var. submarginatum
- Selinum anethum
- Anethum pusillum
- Anethum segetum
- Anethum graveolens var. chevallieri
- Anethum graveolens var. hortorum
- Anethum arvense
- Anethum graveolens var. sowa
- Anethum graveolens var. anatolicum
- Anethum graveolens subsp. australe
- Anethum graveolens var. copiosum
- Anethum graveolens var. nanum
- Anethum graveolens var. parvifolium
- Anethum graveolens subsp. sowa
- Anethum graveolens var. tenerifrons
- Anethum sowa
- Ferula marathrophylla
- Ferula graveolens
- Peucedanum sowa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. Following the subclass Magnoliidae, it is organized into the order Apiales and the family Apiaceae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Anethum, which includes the species Anethum graveolens.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Apiales | WCVP |
| Family | Apiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Anethum | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a widespread presence across several regions within Northern Europe. It can be found growing naturally throughout the coastal and inland areas of Denmark. Furthermore, its distribution extends northward into the landscapes of Finland and Norway. The species is also well-established within the British Isles, specifically in Great Britain and Ireland. Together, these locations highlight the plant's significant range across the northern reaches of the continent.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Finland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Ireland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Norway | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as dill (Anethum graveolens), is characterized by several distinct morphological features used in both botanical study and herbal medicine. Its delicate, feathery green leaves are highly aromatic and frequently utilized for culinary and therapeutic purposes. The plant produces characteristic inflorescences in the form of flat-topped umbels, which consist of numerous small flowers arranged in a radiating pattern. Following flowering, the plant develops small, dry fruits that are technically schizocarps, which are harvested as seeds for their potent essential oils. While not as prominent as in other medicinal species, certain parts of the plant can also contain trace amounts of resins that contribute to its complex chemical profile.| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| seeds | Journal of plant research (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| fruits | International journal of molecular sciences (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| leaves | Journal of plant research (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Dill Seeds | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Essential oils | Iranian journal of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Leaf Extracts | Cureus (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts | Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dill seed | Chinese journal of integrative medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oil | Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leave | Journal of intercultural ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Anethum graveolens has 271 reported phytochemicals identified across 18 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include CARVONE, LIMONENE, Flavonoids, P-CYMENE, Coumarins.
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| CARVONE | Dr. Duke (and other 6 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| LIMONENE | Dr. Duke (and other 6 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Flavonoids | BMC complementary and alternative medicine (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| P-CYMENE | Dr. Duke (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Coumarins | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Dill ether | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Myristicin | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Tannins | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| ANETHOLE | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Apiol | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Anethum graveolens has 795 reported activities identified across 18 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Anticancer, Cytotoxic.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antibacterial | Dr. Duke (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Analgesic | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antidepressant | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Carminative | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Digestive | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diuretic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Anethum graveolens has 35 reported medicinal uses identified across 18 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Escherichia coli, immunity, oxidative stress, Bacillus cereus, Candidiasis.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli | Cureus (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| immunity | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oxidative stress | PeerJ (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Bacillus cereus | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Candidiasis | Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Helicobacter pylori | World journal of gastroenterology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| HepG2 cells | Frontiers in microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | Reviews on recent clinical trials (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| essential oils | Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| AG-ME | BioMed research international (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anethum Graveolens boiled solution | Complementary therapies in medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Calcium alginate beads | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| EO extracted from Anethum graveolens encapsulated in chitosan/TPP (tripolyphosphate) nanoparticles | Environmental toxicology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| EOs | Iranian journal of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Embryogenic cultures | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Essential oils | Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Leaf Extracts | Cureus (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aqueous extract | Journal of intercultural ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |