Amphipterygium adstringens ex

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Juliania adstringens
• Hypopterygium adstringens

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. It is further categorized under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Sapindales, falling into the family Anacardiaceae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Amphipterygium.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical range extending from North America into Central America. Within Mexico, its presence is widespread, spanning the Central and Northeast regions. It is also commonly found throughout the Mexico Gulf and Mexico Southwest areas. Moving further south, the species can be located within the borders of Guatemala. Consequently, its distribution covers diverse ecological zones across these specific territories.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Amphipterygium adstringens is characterized by its nature as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons and establish a long-term presence within its ecosystem. As a deciduous species, it undergoes a seasonal cycle of shedding its foliage, typically in response to changes in temperature or moisture availability, which facilitates a period of dormancy before the emergence of new growth.

Deciduousness :

deciduous

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Amphipterygium adstringens is characterized by a woody growth form, primarily manifesting as a tree. This plant exhibits significant vertical development, reaching a mean height of approximately 5 m, with a maximum potential height of up to 10 m. Unlike climbing species that function as lianas or vines, it is a self-supporting organism in both its climbing tendency and structural habit. It is a terrestrial species, maintaining an independent existence rather than functioning as a parasite or an epiphyte.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

10 m

Plant height mean:

5 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Amphipterygium adstringens is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, indicating a metabolic process that fixes carbon dioxide through the Calvin cycle, which is typical for plants inhabiting moderate environments. Regarding its structural composition, the plant exhibits a highly consistent stem specific density (SSD), with a recorded mean, maximum, and minimum value of 410 mg/cm³. This uniform density suggests a stable cellular arrangement within its vascular tissues. Furthermore, the species does not function as a nitrogen fixer, meaning it lacks the symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria necessary to convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms, relying instead on soil nutrient availability for its developmental needs.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Stem specific density (SSD) min:

410 mg/cm³

Reproduction

The reproduction of Amphipterygium adstringens is characterized by the production of seeds with highly consistent physical dimensions. The seeds exhibit a uniform seed length, which maintains a constant value of 11.6 mm, with both the minimum and maximum recorded measurements reaching this exact length. Similarly, the seed mass shows no variance across the sampled data, with a mean, minimum, and maximum mass all strictly measured at 0.09273 g. This uniformity in both length and mass suggests a highly standardized reproductive output for this species.

Seed length mean:

11.6 mm

Seed mass mean:

0.09273 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Amphipterygium adstringens has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem.

Stem

1. Planta medica

Chemicals

Amphipterygium adstringens has 7 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 3-epi-Oleanolic Acid, 3Alpha-Hydroxymasticadienonic Acid, 6-nonadecyl salicylic acid, ANACARDIC ACID, BETA-SITOSTEROL.

3-epi-Oleanolic Acid

1. Planta medica

3Alpha-Hydroxymasticadienonic Acid

1. Planta medica

6-nonadecyl salicylic acid

1. Mutation research

ANACARDIC ACID

1. Mutation research

BETA-SITOSTEROL

1. Planta medica

Masticadienonic acid

1. Planta medica

Steffimycin B

1. Molecular biology reports

Activities

Amphipterygium adstringens has 6 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial, Gastroprotective, Antiacne, Antibacterial, Antibiotic.

Antimicrobial

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Mutation research

Gastroprotective

1. Planta medica
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antiacne

1. Mutation research

Antibacterial

1. Mutation research

Antibiotic

1. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Antioxidant

1. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Conditions

Amphipterygium adstringens has 12 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Trichinella spiralis.

Tuberculosis

1. Molecular biology reports
2. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1. Molecular biology reports

Porphyromonas gingivalis

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Streptococcus mutans

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Trichinella spiralis

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Antibiotic

1. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Antioxidant

1. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Bacterial infections

1. Archives of medical research

Gastric ulcers

1. Mutation research

Gastritis

1. Mutation research

Preparations

Amphipterygium adstringens has 15 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include Methanol-chloroform extract, anacardic acid mixture (AAM), aqueous extract, bark, dichloromethane fraction.

Methanol-chloroform extract

1. Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society

Anacardic acid mixture (aam)

1. Archives of medical research

Aqueous extract

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Bark

1. Mutation research

Dichloromethane fraction

1. Planta medica

Extract

1. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Extracts

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Hexane extract (he)

1. Archives of medical research

Hexane extracts

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Infusion

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)