conker tree

Names

Common Names

• conker-tree
• horse-chestnut
• European horse-chestnut
• Horse Chestnut
• common horsechestnut
• conker tree
• European horse chestnut
• Spanish chestnut
• White Horse Chestnut
• buckeye

Regional and Traditional Names

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Aesculus hippocastanum f. beaumanii
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. pendula
• Pawia hippocastanum
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. pendula
• Aesculus asplenifolia
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. baumannii
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. memmingeri
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. beaumanii
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. luteovariegatum
• Aesculus memmingeri
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. variegata
• Aesculus procera
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. luteovariegatum
• Aesculus septenata
• Hippocastanum aesculus
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. albovariegatum
• Hippocastanum vulgare
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. aureovariegata
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. albovariegatum
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. argenteovariegata
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. laciniata
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. incisa
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. laciniata
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. pyramidalis
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. pyramidalis
• Aesculus hippocastanum var. umbraculifera
• Aesculus hippocastanum f. umbraculifera

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, known scientifically as Aesculus hippocastanum, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is further classified within the class Equisetopsida and the subclass Magnoliidae, falling under the order Sapindales. Finally, it is a member of the family Sapindaceae within the genus Aesculus.

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad distribution across several key regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its presence is documented in both Great Britain and Ireland. Moving toward the center of the continent, the species is also found within Middle Europe. Specifically, it can be located in the territories of Austria and Belgium. Finally, its geographical range extends further into Middle Europe through Czechia and Slovakia.

Plant Parts

Chemicals

Aesculus hippocastanum has 154 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Aescin, Escin, Esculin, Castaprenol 12, Epicatechin.

Aescin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of chromatography. A
3. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology
4. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Escin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Natural product research
3. Environmental toxicology

Esculin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
3. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

Castaprenol 12

1. Dr. Duke
2. The Biochemical journal

Epicatechin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

Fraxin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

RUTIN

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

allantoin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

beta-Aescin

1. Dr. Duke
2. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology

kaempferol

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

Activities

Aesculus hippocastanum has 561 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antiedemic, 11B-HSD-Inhibitor, 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor, 5-HT-Inhibitor, 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor.

Most Reported Activities

Medicinal Uses

Aesculus hippocastanum has 8 reported medicinal uses identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include angiogenesis, bleeding, cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cancer.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations