Aegle marmelos
Bengal quince
Aegle marmelos, commonly known as Bael, is a sacred medicinal tree revered in Ayurvedic tradition. Renowned for its potent therapeutic properties, the plant's leaves, bark, and fruit are utilized to treat digestive ailments, inflammation, and fever. It serves as a vital natural remedy for promoting holistic wellness and healing.
- Scientific name: Aegle marmelos
- Family: Rutaceae
- Native range: Asia-Temperate
Taxonomical Classification
This plant, known scientifically as Aegle marmelos, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is further classified under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae within the order Sapindales. Finally, it is a member of the family Rutaceae and falls under the genus Aegle.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Sapindales | WCVP |
| Family | Rutaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Aegle | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Aegle marmelos, is referred to by various regional names across different languages and cultures. In Javanese, it is called Maja, while in Pamir languages, it is known as Bael. In Polish, it is referred to as kleiszcze smakowite, and in Udmurt, it is called Баиль. Additionally, in Tamil, the plant is commonly known as வில்வம்.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| jv | Maja | Wikidata |
| pam | Bael | Wikidata |
| pl | kleiszcze smakowite | Wikidata |
| udm | Баиль | Wikidata |
| ta | வில்வம் | Wikidata |
| lbe | Баиль | Wikidata |
| or | ବେଲ | Wikidata |
| de | Bengalische Quitte | Wikidata |
| id | Maja | Wikidata |
| ml | കൂവളം | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a broad geographical presence across several key regions in Asia. Within the Indian Subcontinent, it can be found growing in India and throughout Bangladesh. Its distribution also extends to the specific areas of Assam and the East Himalaya. Additionally, the species is located within the South-Central part of China. These diverse locations highlight the wide natural range of Aegle marmelos.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Assam | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Bangladesh | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | East Himalaya | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | India | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Sri Lanka | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | West Himalaya | WCVP |
| Indo-China | Andaman Is. | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, scientifically known as Aegle marmelos, is a versatile medicinal species where various components are utilized for therapeutic purposes. The thick, woody bark is often prepared into decoctions to treat digestive ailments, while each individual leaf contains bioactive compounds used in traditional healing. Whether used as a single leaf in topical applications or as part of a larger herbal mixture, the foliage holds significant value. Furthermore, the fruit is highly regarded for its nutritional and medicinal properties, and even when the fruits are dried or processed, they continue to serve as a vital source of healing agents in various folk medicines.- Total parts
- 24
- Scientific sources
- 65
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| leaves | 17 | ★★★★★ |
| fruit | 9 | ★★★★☆ |
| fruits | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| leaf | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| bark | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| seeds | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| unripe fruit | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| seed | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| root | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit pulp | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Aegle marmelos has 88 reported phytochemicals identified across 141 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include marmelosin, flavonoids, aegeline, umbelliferone, marmin.
- Total chemicals
- 88
- Scientific sources
- 141
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| marmelosin | 8 | ★★★★☆ |
| flavonoids | 7 | ★★★★☆ |
| aegeline | 6 | ★★★☆☆ |
| umbelliferone | 6 | ★★★☆☆ |
| marmin | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| saponins | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| terpenoids | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Aegeline | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| ascorbic acid | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| auraptene | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
Activities
Aegle marmelos has 38 reported activities identified across 107 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antihyperglycemic, Antiproliferative, Antipyretic.
- Total activities
- 38
- Scientific sources
- 107
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 15 | ★★★★★ |
| Antidiabetic | 7 | ★★★★☆ |
| Antihyperglycemic | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antiproliferative | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antipyretic | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antihyperlipidemic | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Astringent | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Aegle marmelos has 98 reported medicinal uses identified across 149 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cancer, dysentery, diarrhea, inflammation, antioxidant.
- Total uses
- 98
- Scientific sources
- 149
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| cancer | 8 | ★★★★☆ |
| dysentery | 7 | ★★★★☆ |
| diarrhea | 6 | ★★★☆☆ |
| inflammation | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| antioxidant | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| oxidative stress | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| ulcer | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| antidiabetic | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| antiviral | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |