Adenanthera pavonina
Red sandalwood
Adenanthera pavonina, commonly known as the Bird of Paradise pea, is a resilient legume native to various tropical regions. Beyond its striking ornamental beauty, this plant holds significant ethnobotanical value. It is traditionally utilized in folk medicine for its potential bioactive properties, offering intriguing possibilities for modern pharmacological research.
- Scientific name: Adenanthera pavonina
- Family: Fabaceae
- Native range: Africa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it falls under the order Fabales and the family Fabaceae. It is further categorized under the genus Adenanthera, specifically known as the species Adenanthera pavonina.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Fabales | WCVP |
| Family | Fabaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Adenanthera | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Adenanthera pavonina, is recognized by various common names across different languages and regions. In Dhivehi, it is referred to as މަދൊྵി, while in Portuguese, it is known as Carolina. Its names in Chinese vary slightly by script and region, being called 海红豆 in Simplified Chinese (zh-hans) and 海紅豆 in both Traditional Chinese (zh-hant) and the Cantonese usage of Hong Kong (zh-hk).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| dv | މަދޮށި | Wikidata |
| zh-hans | 海红豆 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 海紅豆 | Wikidata |
| zh-hk | 海紅豆 | Wikidata |
| pt | Carolina | Wikidata |
| jv | Sogok telik | Wikidata |
| pl | Gruczołkowiec pawi | Wikidata |
| ta | மஞ்சாடி | Wikidata |
| th | มะกล่ำตาช้าง | Wikidata |
| ms | Pokok Saga Daun Tumpul | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant is primarily distributed across the coastal and inland regions of West Tropical Africa. Within this specific geographic zone, it can be found growing in the nation of Ghana. Its range also extends through the territories of Guinea and Guinea-Bissau. Furthermore, the species is documented to inhabit parts of Sierra Leone. Finally, the distribution of this medicinal plant includes the expansive landscapes of Nigeria.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| West Tropical Africa | Ghana | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Guinea-Bissau | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Guinea | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Nigeria | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Sierra Leone | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Togo | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | Gulf of Guinea Is. | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | DR Congo | WCVP |
| Northeast Tropical Africa | Chad | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, known scientifically as Adenanthera pavonina, possesses various components that are studied for their potential therapeutic properties. The medicinal potential is often concentrated in the leaves, specifically within the chemical compounds found in the leaves of Adenanthera pavoninina. Researchers frequently utilize leaf extracts to isolate bioactive substances, exploring how these concentrated forms might interact with biological systems. Furthermore, the overall health and vitality of the plant are reflected in its leaves, which serve as the primary site for photosynthesis and secondary metabolite production. While much focus remains on the foliage, the seed also represents a vital part of the plant's life cycle and reproductive strategy.- Total parts
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 5
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| seed | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves of Adenanthera pavonina | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf extracts | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Adenanthera pavonina has 16 reported phytochemicals identified across 16 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 2,4,4,7a-Tetramethyl-1-(3-oxobutyl)octahydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylic acid, Diazoprogesterone, EtOAc, MeOH, caffeic acid.
- Total chemicals
- 16
- Scientific sources
- 16
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| 2,4,4,7a-Tetramethyl-1-(3-oxobutyl)octahydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diazoprogesterone | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| EtOAc | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| MeOH | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| caffeic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| chlorogenic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| coumarin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flavonoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| gallic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| p-coumaric acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Adenanthera pavonina has 2 reported medicinal uses identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include diabetes mellitus, dysentery.
- Total uses
- 2
- Scientific sources
- 2
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| diabetes mellitus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dysentery | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |