Acronychia pedunculata
Acronychia pedunculata · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Acronychia pedunculata is a botanical species notable for its diverse chemical profile and biological activities. Research into its various components, including the roots, leaves, stems, and fruits, has revealed the presence of specialized compounds such as evolitrine, acrovestone, kokusaginine, and 2,3-methylenedioxy-4,7-dimethoxyquinoline. When prepared as bark, leaf, or root extracts, these substances exhibit significant cytotoxic properties. Furthermore, the plant has shown physiological effects under specific conditions involving lipid peroxidation and cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition. These characteristics make the plant a subject of interest for studying complex phytochemical interactions.
- Synonyms
- Calyptranthes Odorata · Calyptranthes Resinosa · 22 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Rutaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Root · Leaf
Classification
Common Names
Acronychia pedunculata is a botanical species known by a diverse array of regional and common names. In certain areas, it is referred to as the Indian Aspen, while others identify it simply as the Pedunculate Acronychia. The plant also carries unique local designations such as osikovec stopkatý and shan you gan. Furthermore, it is recognized in specific linguistic contexts by the name മുട്ടനാറി. These varied names highlight the widespread geographic presence and cultural recognition of this particular plant.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Acronychia pedunculata is a complex species known to encompass several different botanical names within its taxonomic history. Scientific literature frequently identifies this plant through various synonyms, including Acronychia apiculata and Acronychia arborea. It has also been referred to as Acronychia barberi in certain historical records. Furthermore, the names Acronychia elliptica and Acronychia laurifolia are recognized as synonymous with this specific taxon. Understanding these overlapping designations is essential for accurate plant identification and classification.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Acronychia pedunculata is a distinctive botanical specimen that belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this biological realm, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further belongs to the order Sapindales, which helps define its evolutionary lineage. As a member of the genus Acronychia, it shares specific morphological traits with its close relatives. Finally, this species is nested within the family Rutaceae, marking its place in the natural world.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Rutaceae |
| Genus | Acronychia |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Acronychia pedunculata exhibits a diverse geographical range that spans both temperate and tropical regions of Asia. Within China, the species is widely distributed across the South-Central and Southeast provinces, as well as the island of Hainan. Its presence extends further into Eastern Asia, specifically documented in the lush landscapes of Taiwan. In addition to these temperate zones, the plant thrives in the tropical climate of the Indian Subcontinent, particularly in Assam. This broad distribution highlights the plant's ability to adapt to varying ecological conditions throughout the continent.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Acronychia pedunculata is a robust tree characterized by its self-supporting growth form. This species is capable of reaching impressive heights, ranging from a minimum of 15 meters to a maximum of 30 meters. As it matures, the tree establishes a significant presence within its natural habitat. Its sturdy structure allows it to stand firmly as it ascends toward the canopy.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Acronychia pedunculata has been identified as a significant source of bioactive compounds, specifically through the isolation of acrovestone. This principle was extracted from both the stem and the root bark of the plant. Recent chemical analyses have demonstrated that acrovestone possesses notable cytotoxic activity. Researchers were able to completely characterize its molecular structure using single-crystal X-ray analysis. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential inherent within the various components of this plant species.
Compounds
Acronychia pedunculata is a medicinal plant that serves as a rich source of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. Chemical investigations of its stem and root bark have revealed the presence of the cytotoxic principle acrovestone. Furthermore, the plant contains the aryl ketone acrovestenol, which has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the COX-2 enzyme. Research into the leaves and alkaloid fractions has also identified evolitrine as a major compound with significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Finally, the plant is associated with the presence of various alkaloids, including kokusaginine and maculosidine.
Conditions
Acronychia pedunculata demonstrates significant medicinal potential by treating acetic acid induced writhing and exhibiting anti-histamine activities. The plant also provides antioxidant activity through both in-vitro and in-vivo mechanisms. Research indicates that it treats acute toxicity with a high safety margin in limited dose studies. Furthermore, the genus shows efficacy against chloroquine-resistant clones of Plasmodium falciparum.
Preparations
Acronychia pedunculata is prepared as bark to isolate cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory principles like acrovestenol. The leaves of Acronychia pedunculata are also prepared as a source for novel prenylated acetophenones. Research indicates that the plant can be prepared as lf/tw/fruit, showing significant activity in brine shrimp toxicity and cancer cell line assays. Additionally, Acronychia pedunculata is prepared as a root extract for various pharmacological investigations. Finally, the plant is prepared as rt to facilitate the study of its diverse biological properties.
Parts used
Acronychia pedunculata is a medicinal plant species that contains various bioactive components distributed throughout its different anatomical structures. Scientific investigations have successfully isolated cytotoxic principles and acetophenone derivatives from the plant's stem and root bark. Additionally, the fresh leaves serve as a significant source of alkaloids, such as evolitrine, which provide anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Research also indicates that the plant's chemical profile can be characterized through the study of its unique leaf and stem metabolites. Ultimately, these diverse parts, including the root, leaf, stem, and fruit, contribute to the complex ethnopharmacological value of the species.