By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Achillea millefolium before using it medicinally
Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, is a medicinal herb used to treat various health conditions, including digestive issues, menstrual cramps, and injuries.
Its main health benefits include reducing inflammation, improving wound healing, and acting as a natural antispasmodic. The herb's therapeutic properties include antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic effects, which contribute to its effectiveness in treating a range of health issues. The bioactive compounds responsible for its medicinal properties include flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, and coumarins, which have been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
A common herbal preparation made from yarrow is an infusion or tea, which is often used to aid digestion, reduce menstrual cramps, and promote wound healing.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by "Journal of ethnopharmacology", Achillea millefolium has been found to have various positive effects, including being an effective remedy for stomachache, inflammation, and wound healing, as well as promoting breast-feedings and regulating women's menstruation. Its ethnopharmacological properties have also been linked to its use as a diuretic, sedative, and carminative remedy, making it a valuable treatment for gastrointestinal issues and hay fever. Additionally, Achillea millefolium's essential oils and extracts have been identified to possess a broad spectrum of medicinal applications, further solidifying its significance in modern medicine.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Achillea millefolium, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Achillea millefolium provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Menstrual cramps, Rheumatism, Insect bites, Digestive issues, Diarrhea, Fever, Inflammation, Wound healing, Wounds, Skin irritation |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Relieves pain, Fights infections, Lowers blood pressure, Prevents cancer, Treats diarrhea, Soothes skin irritation, Reduces fever, Boosts immune system |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Antispasmodic, Antihistamine, Antiseptic, Antiviral, Antifungal |
| Constituents | Flavonoids, Coumarins, Saponins, Quercetin, Apigenin, Phenolic acids, Phenolic acids, Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin, Tannins |
| Parts | Flowers, Leaves, Roots |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Essential oil, Tea, Capsule, Suppository, Decoction, Poultice, Ointment |
| Side Effects | Exacerbate, Interact, Aggravate, Induce, Worsen, Prolong, Amplify, Trigger, Exacerbate, Interfere |
| Precaution | Consult a doctor before use, Monitor blood pressure, Avoid excessive use, Pregnancy and breastfeeding warning, Interact with medications, Allergic reactions possible, Kidney and liver issues, Avoid in children and infants, Use in small doses, Stop use if side effects occur |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Achillea millefolium. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Achillea millefolium?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Achillea millefolium?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Achillea millefolium?
- What are the major healing constituents of Achillea millefolium?
- What are the most used parts of Achillea millefolium in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Achillea millefolium?
- What are the possible side effects of Achillea millefolium if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Achillea millefolium medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Achillea millefolium?
- Related herbs to Achillea millefolium?
What are the main medicinal uses of Achillea millefolium?
The main medicinal uses of Achillea millefolium are the relief of menstrual cramps due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects, primarily attributed to sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids.
This plant also has antispasmodic properties that aid in the relief of digestive issues, such as cramps and spasms, resulting from its essential oil, which contains camphor and borneol. The antipyretic properties of Achillea millefolium, particularly its sesquiterpene lactones, contribute to its ability to reduce fever. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, including the presence of sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids, facilitate the wound healing process and alleviate inflammation.
Additionally, the plant's essential oil, which contains camphor and borneol, has been used to treat respiratory issues, such as bronchitis, and infections, like those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, as well as to soothe insect bites and wounds, and relieve rheumatism.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Achillea millefolium.
The list below provide more details on why Achillea millefolium is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Menstrual Cramps: This plant has been traditionally used to ease menstrual cramps due to its antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to relax the uterine muscles and reduce pain.
- Rheumatism: The plant's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties make it useful in treating rheumatism, as it helps to reduce joint inflammation and alleviate pain associated with the condition.
- Insect Bites: The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating insect bites, as it helps to reduce swelling, itching, and pain caused by the bites.
- Digestive Issues: The plant has been traditionally used to treat digestive issues such as indigestion and bloating due to its carminative and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce stomach discomfort and alleviate digestive symptoms.
- Diarrhea: The plant's anti-inflammatory and astringent properties make it useful in treating diarrhea, as it helps to reduce inflammation in the digestive tract and alleviate symptoms of the condition.
- Fever: The plant's antipyretic properties make it useful in treating fever, as it helps to reduce body temperature and alleviate symptoms of the condition.
- Inflammation: The plant's anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating inflammation, as it helps to reduce swelling and alleviate pain associated with the condition.
- Wound Healing: The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in wound healing, as it helps to reduce the risk of infection and promote the healing process.
- Wounds: The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating wounds, as it helps to reduce the risk of infection and promote the healing process.
- Skin Irritation: The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating skin irritation, as it helps to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms of the condition.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Achillea millefolium, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Menstrual Cramps, Digestive Issues, Fever Reduction, Insect Bites, Skin Irritation, Rheumatism, Wound Healing, Inflammation, Diarrhea, Wounds, Urinary Tract Infections, Gastroenteritis, Anxiety, Menstrual Pain, Bronchitis, Nausea, Migraines, Headaches, Varicose Veins, Eczema |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Menstrual Cramps, Fever, Rheumatism, Insect Bites, Digestive Issues, Wounds, Diarrhea, Skin Irritation, Inflammation, Cold Sores, Eczema, Urinary Tract Infections, Skin Infections, Anxiety, Gastrointestinal Issues, Wound Healing, Skin Irritations, Headaches, Coughs, Menstrual Pain |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Menstrual Cramps, Wound Healing, Digestive Issues, Rheumatism, Insect Bites, Fever, Inflammation, Eczema, Diarrhea, Skin Infections, Respiratory Issues, Fever Reduction, Gastroenteritis, Skin Irritation, Wounds, Urinary Tract Infections, Gastrointestinal Issues, Bronchitis, Menstrual Issues, Hemorrhoids |
| Unani Medicine | Diarrhea, Rheumatism, Fever, Menstrual Cramps, Insect Bites, Inflammation, Wounds, Digestive Issues, Gastroenteritis, Urinary Tract Infections, Skin Irritations, Anxiety, Wound Healing, Eczema, Cough, Skin Infections, Menorrhagia, Hemorrhoids, Menstrual Pain, Migraine |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Menstrual Cramps, Rheumatism, Insect Bites, Digestive Issues, Inflammation, Fever, Wound Healing, Skin Irritation, Diarrhea, Wounds, Fever Reduction, Anxiety, Cold Sores, Respiratory Issues, Eczema, Varicose Veins, Urinary Tract Infections, Respiratory Infections, Hemorrhoids, Menstrual Pain |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Achillea millefolium is used to treat menstrual cramps, digestive issues, fever reduction, and wound healing.
It has been shown to reduce the severity of insect bites, and its anti-inflammatory properties also alleviate skin irritation and rheumatism. Furthermore, its antimicrobial properties promote wound healing and reduce inflammation, and it is also used to treat diarrhea, urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, anxiety, and menstrual pain. Additionally, Achillea millefolium has been found to alleviate bronchitis, nausea, migraines, headaches, varicose veins, and eczema, making it a versatile treatment option for various health conditions.
Its effectiveness in reducing fever and promoting wound healing also makes it a valuable tool in the management of wounds and gastroenteritis.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Achillea millefolium is used to treat menstrual cramps, fever, and rheumatism, with its anti-inflammatory properties alleviating joint pain and swelling.
It is also employed to alleviate insect bites, digestive issues, wounds, and diarrhea, as well as skin irritation, and inflammation, showcasing its broad spectrum of healing abilities. The plant is further utilized to treat cold sores, eczema, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and anxiety, highlighting its adaptogenic properties. Additionally, it is used to address gastrointestinal issues, wound healing, skin irritations, headaches, coughs, and menstrual pain, solidifying its position as a valuable medicinal plant.
Achillea millefolium's therapeutic applications are also seen in treating diarrhea, eczema, and urinary tract infections, emphasizing its multifaceted role in traditional chinese medicine.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Achillea millefolium is used to treat menstrual cramps, a condition alleviated by its antispasmodic properties.
The plant's ability to promote wound healing is attributed to its high content of flavonoids and terpenoids, which accelerate the process by stimulating collagen synthesis and tissue repair. Achillea millefolium is also employed in treating digestive issues, such as diarrhea, by virtue of its anti-inflammatory properties, which soothe the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, it is used to reduce symptoms of rheumatism, including fever reduction, by virtue of its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Additionally, the plant is used to treat a range of other conditions including insect bites, inflammation, eczema, skin infections, respiratory issues, gastroenteritis, skin irritation, wounds, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal issues, bronchitis, menstrual issues, and hemorrhoids.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Achillea millefolium is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including diarrhea, rheumatism, and fever, which are often alleviated through its anti-inflammatory properties.
It is also employed to ease menstrual cramps and insect bites, as well as to reduce inflammation in the body. Additionally, the plant is utilized to treat wounds, digestive issues, and gastroenteritis, which are often associated with its antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, Achillea millefolium is used to address urinary tract infections, skin irritations, anxiety, wound healing, eczema, cough, skin infections, menorrhagia, hemorrhoids, menstrual pain, and migraine, showcasing its broad range of therapeutic applications.
The plant's anti-spasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to its effectiveness in treating these various conditions.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Achillea millefolium is used to treat menstrual cramps due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties.
It is also employed in the management of rheumatism, primarily by reducing pain and inflammation. Additionally, Achillea millefolium is utilized to alleviate symptoms associated with insect bites, while its anti-inflammatory properties also aid in the treatment of digestive issues. Furthermore, its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it beneficial for wound healing, and it can also be used to reduce fever and inflammation, as well as soothe skin irritation and diarrhea.
The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties also make it effective in treating wounds, fever reduction, anxiety, cold sores, respiratory issues, eczema, varicose veins, urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, hemorrhoids, and menstrual pain.
What are the primary health benefits of Achillea millefolium?
Achillea millefolium reduces inflammation due to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones, specifically achillin, which inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.
Relieving pain is facilitated by the plant's analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to the flavonoids and terpenoids present in its leaves and flowers. Fighting infections is a result of its antimicrobial activity, primarily due to the presence of thujone, a compound that disrupts bacterial cell membranes and inhibits the growth of pathogens. Lowering blood pressure is a consequence of the plant's vasodilatory effect, which is caused by the flavonoids and terpenoids that relax blood vessels and improve blood flow.
The plant's antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties also contribute to its ability to boost the immune system, treat diarrhea, soothe skin irritation, and reduce fever.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Achillea millefolium.
The list below provides more details on why Achillea millefolium offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This plant contains compounds that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, which can contribute to inflammation and tissue damage.
- Relieves Pain: The plant's anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties make it effective in relieving pain by reducing inflammation and blocking pain pathways in the body.
- Fights Infections: This plant contains antimicrobial compounds that can inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it effective in fighting infections.
- Lowers Blood Pressure: The plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids have been shown to have a positive effect on blood pressure by improving blood vessel function and reducing vascular resistance.
- Prevents Cancer: The plant's antioxidants and polyphenols have been shown to have anti-cancer properties by inhibiting cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and preventing DNA damage.
- Treats Diarrhea: The plant's astringent and anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in treating diarrhea by reducing inflammation in the gut and slowing down bowel movements.
- Soothes Skin Irritation: The plant's anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties make it effective in soothing skin irritation by reducing inflammation, preventing infection, and promoting wound healing.
- Reduces Fever: The plant's antipyretic properties make it effective in reducing fever by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducing sweating to help cool the body.
- Boosts Immune System: The plant's antioxidants and polyphenols have been shown to have immunomodulatory effects, which can help to boost the immune system by increasing the production of white blood cells and activating immune cells.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Achillea millefolium for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Improves Blood Flow, Enhances Circulation, Reduces Blood Pressure, Stimulates Vasodilation, Prevents Blood Clots, Supports Cardiovascular Health, Increases Oxygen Delivery, Relaxes Blood Vessels, Lowers Cholesterol Levels, Regulates Heart Rate |
| Digestive System | Soothes Inflammation, Relieves Constipation, Reduces Bloating, Prevents Ulcers, Heals Irritation, Cures Diarrhea, Solves Gas Issues, Treats Colitis, Eases Nausea, Cleans Intestines |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Hormone, Reduces Inflammation, Supports Adrenal, Calms Thyroid, Stabilizes Insulin, Eases Menstrual, Relaxes Thyroid, Balances Cortisol, Soothes Pancreas, Stimulates Ovaries |
| Integumentary System | Heals Skin Lesions, Reduces Acne Inflammation, Fights Skin Infections, Soothes Sunburned Skin, Protects Against Aging, Reduces Scarring, Cures Boils Quickly, Treats Eczema Effectively, Eliminates Fungal Infections, Fades Stretch Marks |
| Lymphatic System | Improves Lymph Flow, Boosts Immune Function, Enhances Detoxification, Reduces Inflammation, Fights Infections, Stimulates Lymph Nodes, Enhances White Blood Cell, Increases Interferon Production, Supports Tissue Repair, Stabilizes Blood Vessels |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Pain, Reduces Inflammation, Fights Arthritis, Eases Swelling, Reduces Fever, Treats Bursitis, Heals Wounds, Improves Mobility, Reduces Muscle, Eases Tension |
| Nervous System | Relaxes Nervous Tissue, Calms Anxiety Symptoms, Reduces Stress Levels, Improves Sleep Quality, Enhances Cognitive Function, Boosts Mood Stabilization, Decreases Inflammation Response, Supports Nerve Regeneration, Regulates Neurotransmitter Balance, Soothes Nervous System |
| Reproductive System | Regulates Hormones, Stimulates Ovulation, Balances Fertility, Reduces Menstrual, Relaxes Uterus, Improves Fertilization, Enhances Libido, Reduces Infertility, Supports Menstruation, Promotes Reproductive |
| Respiratory System | Reduces Inflammation, Relieves Congestion, Eases Coughing, Soothes Irritation, Fights Infections, Cools Respiratory, Relaxes Airways, Prevents Bronchitis, Reduces Mucus, Calms Asthma |
| Urinary System | Relieves Utis, Treats Kidney Stones, Prevents Bladder Infections, Reduces Urinary Tract Inflammation, Alleviates Prostate Issues, Cures Cystitis, Soothes Hemorrhoids, Cleanses Urinary Tract, Prevents Urinary Tract Infections, Cures Pyelonephritis |
Circulatory System
Achillea millefolium improves blood flow due to its vasodilatory properties, which facilitate the dilation of blood vessels and increase the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Enhancing circulation, the plant's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties help to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in blood vessels, promoting a healthy circulatory system. Reducing blood pressure, Achillea millefolium's ability to regulate heart rate and prevent blood clots contributes to a stable cardiovascular system. Stimulating vasodilation and relaxing blood vessels, the plant's flavonoids and saponins work synergistically to support cardiovascular health, while also lowering cholesterol levels.
By preventing blood clots and increasing oxygen delivery, Achillea millefolium's anticoagulant and vasodilatory properties provide a comprehensive support for the circulatory system.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Edema
- Hemorrhoids
- High blood pressure
- Anemia
- Blood clots
- Cardiovascular disease
Digestive System
Achillea millefolium soothes inflammation with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species.
Relieving constipation is another benefit of this plant due to its ability to stimulate bowel movements and improve gut motility. Achillea millefolium also reduces bloating by relaxing the smooth muscles in the intestinal tract and reducing gas production. The antimicrobial properties of this plant prevent ulcers by inhibiting the growth of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, a common cause of stomach ulcers.
Achillea millefolium heals irritation in the digestive tract by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of mucosal tissues, and it cures diarrhea by regulating the balance of gut bacteria and improving gut barrier function, solves gas issues by reducing the production of gas in the digestive system, treats colitis by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of the intestinal lining, eases nausea by reducing inflammation in the stomach and promoting the production of digestive enzymes, and cleans intestines by removing toxins and promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Gastroenteritis
- Dyspepsia
- Peptic ulcer
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Constipation
- Diverticulitis
Endocrine System
Achillea millefolium regulates hormone secretion through its influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, while reducing inflammation by exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which in turn supports adrenal function by mitigating the negative effects of stress.
The plant's anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties also help to calm the thyroid, stabilizing insulin levels in individuals with diabetes due to its ability to modulate glucose metabolism. Additionally, Achillea millefolium eases menstrual discomfort and relaxes thyroid activity by reducing the production of thyroid-stimulating hormones, thereby balancing cortisol levels in the body. The plant's soothing effect on the pancreas also makes it beneficial for individuals with pancreatitis, while stimulating the ovaries by promoting the production of estrogen.
Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory properties help to soothe the pancreas and prevent the onset of pancreatitis.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hirsutism
- Endometriosis
- Thyroid disorders
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Menstrual irregularities
- Hormonal imbalance
Integumentary System
Achillea millefolium heals skin lesions due to its antimicrobial properties, which destroy harmful bacteria and fungi that cause infections.
This plant also reduces acne inflammation by exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, thereby alleviating redness and swelling associated with acne. Furthermore, Achillea millefolium fights skin infections thanks to its antibacterial properties, making it a valuable treatment for various skin conditions. Additionally, it soothes sunburned skin by displaying antioxidant properties, which help neutralize free radicals that damage skin cells.
Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties also protect against aging, reduce scarring, cure boils quickly, treat eczema effectively, eliminate fungal infections, and even fade stretch marks, making it a comprehensive remedy for various integumentary issues.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Bruises
- Burns
- Wounds
- Eczema
- Rashes
- Scars
- Skin infections
Lymphatic System
Achillea millefolium improves lymph flow by virtue of its vasodilatory and diaphoretic properties, stimulating the lymphatic system and promoting the removal of toxins from the body.
Boosting immune function is facilitated by its immunomodulatory effects, which enhance the activity of white blood cells and promote interferon production. Enhancing detoxification is a key benefit, attributed to its cholagogic properties, which stimulate the liver and kidneys to eliminate waste products. Reducing inflammation is also a notable effect, thanks to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which protect cells from oxidative damage and suppress inflammatory responses.
The plant's antimicrobial and antiseptic properties fight infections, while stimulating lymph nodes and increasing interferon production further support the immune system, and its stabilizing effect on blood vessels prevents further tissue damage, allowing the body to support tissue repair.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Swelling
- Infection
- Inflammation
- Scar tissue
- Edema
- Lymphangitis
- Lymphadenitis
- Fibromyalgia
- Arthritis
- Sprains
Musculoskeletal System
Achillea millefolium relieves pain by containing sesquiterpene lactones, which have anti-inflammatory properties that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.
Its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties reduce inflammation, which is responsible for chronic pain and swelling. Achillea millefolium fights arthritis by modulating the immune system and suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The plant eases swelling by inhibiting the activity of enzymes responsible for edema.
Its antipyretic properties reduce fever, and its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties treat bursitis, while its wound-healing properties help to heal wounds by promoting tissue regeneration and collagen synthesis.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Menstrual cramps
- Muscle spasm
- Gout
- Inflammation
- Sprains
- Strains
- Tendinitis
Nervous System
Achillea millefolium relaxes nervous tissue with its antispasmodic properties, which help to alleviate muscle tension.
This plant calms anxiety symptoms through its sedative and anxiolytic effects, making it a natural remedy for calming the mind. Additionally, it reduces stress levels due to its adaptogenic properties, allowing the body to adapt to stress and promoting balance. The herb also improves sleep quality by regulating the sleep-wake cycle and enhancing deep sleep, while its cognitive-enhancing properties, including acetylcholinesterase inhibition, enhance cognitive function.
Furthermore, Achillea millefolium boosts mood stabilization with its serotonin-boosting properties, decreases inflammation response through its anti-inflammatory effects, supports nerve regeneration by promoting neural growth, regulates neurotransmitter balance by influencing the release of neurotransmitters, and soothes the nervous system with its calming and sedative effects.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Menopause symptoms
- Epilepsy
- Migraines
Reproductive System
Achillea millefolium regulates hormones by exerting estrogenic activity due to its isoflavone and sesquiterpene lactone content, which helps to balance the endocrine system.
The plant stimulates ovulation by increasing follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone production, which in turn enhances the maturation of oocytes. Achillea millefolium balances fertility by modulating the uterine environment through its anti-inflammatory properties, thereby creating a favorable environment for implantation. Additionally, the plant reduces menstrual cramps and dysmenorrhea by relaxing the uterine smooth muscle, while its antioxidant properties improve fertilization by protecting sperm DNA from oxidative damage.
Achillea millefolium enhances libido by increasing dopamine and serotonin levels, thus promoting a healthy reproductive system and reducing infertility, which is further supported by its ability to regulate menstruation and promote reproductive health.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menstrual cramps
- Endometriosis
- Pms
- Miscarriage prevention
- Menopause symptoms
- Erectile dysfunction
Respiratory System
Achillea millefolium reduces inflammation in the respiratory system due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which is responsible for the reduction of swelling and pain.
Its antimicrobial properties relieve congestion by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that cause respiratory infections. Eases coughing by acting as an expectorant, which facilitates the expulsion of mucus from the lungs. Soothing irritation is achieved through its antioxidant properties, which protect the respiratory system from oxidative stress and cell damage.
Fighting infections is also facilitated by its immunomodulatory properties, which enhance the body's immune response and prevent the progression of respiratory diseases like bronchitis, which it also prevents by reducing the severity of symptoms and mucus production, and calming asthma by relaxing the airways and reducing inflammation, while also cooling the respiratory system and reducing the production of mucus.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Cough
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
- Allergies
Urinary System
Achillea millefolium relieves utis due to its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
This plant treats kidney stones by reducing inflammation through its anti-inflammatory properties, preventing further irritation and damage to the urinary tract. Additionally, Achillea millefolium prevents bladder infections by exerting its antioxidant effects, protecting the bladder from oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals. It reduces urinary tract inflammation, alleviates prostate issues, cures cystitis, soothes hemorrhoids, cleanses the urinary tract, prevents urinary tract infections, and cures pyelonephritis due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which collectively work to heal and protect the urinary system from various diseases and conditions.
Achillea millefolium's ability to reduce inflammation and kill bacteria makes it an effective natural remedy for urinary system disorders.
The medicinal benefits of Achillea millefolium on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Kidney stones
- Urinary tract infections
- Bladder inflammation
- Kidney inflammation
- Prostate issues
- Urinary incontinence
- Cystitis
- Pyelonephritis
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Achillea millefolium?
The therapeutic properties of Achillea millefolium are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which inhibits the growth of various pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, and is primarily due to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids.
This plant also exhibits antioxidant properties, neutralizing free radicals and preventing oxidative stress, which is a result of its rich content of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory properties help alleviate conditions such as arthritis, thanks to the action of sesquiterpene lactones, which suppress the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Additionally, Achillea millefolium possesses analgesic and pain-relieving properties, attributed to the presence of volatile oils, which reduce pain by blocking the production of pain-causing chemicals.
Its antispasmodic and antihistamine activities are also noteworthy, with the latter being a result of its flavonoid content, which helps alleviate allergic reactions, while the former is due to the action of sesquiterpene lactones, which relax smooth muscle tissues, and its antiseptic, antiviral, and antifungal properties are also well-documented, with the latter being a result of its phenolic acid content.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Achillea millefolium.
The list below provides more details on why Achillea millefolium has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Achillea millefolium has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity, particularly against gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, due to the presence of compounds like thymol and camphor in its essential oil.
- Antioxidant: Achillea millefolium contains flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been found to possess antioxidant properties, helping to protect cells from oxidative damage and potentially contributing to its anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Anti-Inflammatory: The plant's essential oil and flavonoids have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity, reducing inflammation and swelling in animal models, likely due to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes and the modulation of the immune response.
- Analgesic: Achillea millefolium has been traditionally used as an analgesic to relieve pain, and studies have shown that its essential oil can reduce pain in animal models, possibly due to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones and other bioactive compounds.
- Pain Relief: The plant's analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties may contribute to its ability to provide pain relief, which has been traditionally used to treat various types of pain, including menstrual cramps and joint pain.
- Antispasmodic: Achillea millefolium's essential oil has been reported to exhibit antispasmodic activity, relaxing smooth muscle and reducing spasms, which may be beneficial in treating conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and menstrual cramps.
- Antihistamine: There is limited evidence to support the antihistamine activity of Achillea millefolium, and more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in treating histamine-related conditions.
- Antiseptic: Achillea millefolium's essential oil has been traditionally used as an antiseptic to treat minor wounds and prevent infection, possibly due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Antiviral: While some studies suggest that Achillea millefolium may have antiviral activity against certain viruses, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and to fully understand its mechanisms of action.
- Antifungal: Achillea millefolium has been reported to exhibit antifungal activity against certain fungal species, possibly due to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones and other bioactive compounds in its essential oil.
What are the major healing constituents of Achillea millefolium?
The healing constituents of Achillea millefolium are flavonoids, specifically quercetin and apigenin, which possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while coumarins, such as scopoletin and umbelliferone, exhibit anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Saponins present in the plant have been shown to inhibit the growth of certain microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. The flavonoids quercetin and apigenin have been found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and mediators, thereby reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, the coumarins and flavonoids in Achillea millefolium have been demonstrated to have antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage.
These bioactive compounds contribute to the plant's therapeutic effects, including its use in wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial applications.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Achillea millefolium.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Achillea millefolium and why they are important for health.
- Flavonoids: A type of flavonoid found in Achillea millefolium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, with quercetin being a major contributor.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are a type of lignan that have anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Saponins: A type of triterpene glycoside found in Achillea millefolium, exhibiting hemolytic activity, surface-active properties, and the ability to form stable foam when mixed with water.
- Quercetin: Quercetin is a flavonoid glycoside present in Achillea millefolium, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.
- Apigenin: Flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and estrogenic properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids found in Achillea millefolium are hydroxylated derivatives of benzene, exhibiting antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
- Phenolic Acids: Phenolic Acids are present in Achillea millefolium and have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
- Rosmarinic acid: Rosmarinic acid is a polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Luteolin: Luteolin is a flavonoid constituent of Achillea millefolium with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
- Tannins: Tannins in Achillea millefolium are astringent, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory compounds that can cause vasoconstriction and bind to proteins.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Achillea millefolium and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiproliferative, Antiviral, Anticancer |
| Coumarins | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticoagulant, Anticancer |
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antiviral, Immunomodulatory |
| Quercetin | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Anti-histamine, Cardioprotective, Hepatoprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Apigenin | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Antiallergic, Anxiolytic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Neuroprotective, Analgesic |
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Analgesic, Anticancer, Antiviral |
| Phenolic Acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antiviral, Antiproliferative, Cytoprotective |
| Rosmarinic acid | MEDIUM | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Antioxidative, Ph regulator, Analgesic, Pain relief, Cytotoxic |
| Luteolin | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Anti-cancer, Immunomodulatory, Neuroprotective |
| Tannins | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Astringent, Anti-protozoal |
What are the most used parts of Achillea millefolium in medicine?
The most used parts of Achillea millefolium for medicinal purposes are flowers and leaves.
The flowers of Achillea millefolium are rich in flavonoids, primarily apigenin and luteolin, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The leaves are rich in sesquiterpene lactones, particularly achilleine and tanaprofen, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. The bioactive compounds in the flowers and leaves work synergistically to provide relief from pain, reduce inflammation, and protect against oxidative stress.
The primary medicinal properties of Achillea millefolium flowers and leaves make them a valuable herbal remedy for various health issues, including arthritis, wounds, and digestive problems.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Achillea millefolium in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Achillea millefolium in medicine and why.
- Flowers: The flowers of this plant are rich in sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oils, which possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiseptic properties, leading to relief from pain, wound healing, and protection against infections and oxidative stress.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant contain sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and polyphenolic compounds, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antispasmodic properties, resulting in the alleviation of pain, inflammation, and muscle spasms, as well as protection against oxidative damage and cellular stress.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Achillea millefolium mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Flowers | Flavonoids, Sesquiterpenes, Coumarins, Phenolic acids, Volatile oils, Sesquiterpene lactones |
| Leaves | Flavonoids, Phytosterols, Terpenoids, Saponins, Coumarins, Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin, Apigenin |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Achillea millefolium?
The most common herbal preparation of Achillea millefolium for medicinal purposes are tinctures, typically used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and menstrual disorders due to their high concentration of active ingredients.
Salves, on the other hand, are employed to soothe skin irritations and wounds, while essential oils are utilized in aromatherapy to alleviate stress and promote relaxation. A tea made from the leaves and flowers is often consumed to aid in digestion and reduce inflammation, whereas capsules are used to deliver a standardized dose of the plant's bioactive compounds for conditions such as eczema and allergies. Suppositories are utilized to treat hemorrhoids and other rectal issues, and decoctions are used as a more potent alternative to tea for conditions like fever and bronchitis.
Finally, poultices and ointments are applied topically to relieve pain and reduce inflammation in conditions like arthritis and sprains.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Achillea millefolium.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Achillea millefolium and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used for menstrual cramps, pain, fever, inflammation, and wound healing due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is a topical preparation used to treat wounds, minor cuts, burns, and insect bites, and to soothe skin irritations and inflammatory conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
- Essential Oil: Essential oil made from this plant is used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and treat wounds, as well as to ease menstrual cramps, soothe digestive issues, and calm anxiety.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat menstrual cramps, inflammation, and digestive issues, and also to improve sleep quality and reduce anxiety.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used for inflammation, pain, fever, and as an antispasmodic, antiseptic, and antihemorrhagic agent.
- Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat menstrual cramps, fever, inflammation, and wounds, and as an antiseptic, diuretic, and expectorant.
- Poultice: Poultice made from this plant is used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain and promote wound healing, commonly applied topically to treat sprains, strains, bruises and skin irritations.
- Ointment: Ointment made from this plant is used to treat wounds, reduce inflammation and relieve pain, and also to soothe skin irritations, such as eczema and insect bites.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Achillea millefolium for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Flowers, Roots, Leaves |
| Salve | Leaves, Flowers, Roots |
| Essential oil | Flowers, Leaves |
| Tea | Flowers, Leaves |
| Capsule | Flowers, Leaves |
| Decoction | Roots, Leaves, Flowers |
| Poultice | Leaves, Flowers |
| Ointment | Leaves, Flowers, Roots |
Tincture
Achillea millefolium tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat inflammation, relieve pain, ease menstrual cramps, promote wound healing, support the immune system, address digestive issues, exhibit antibacterial properties, reduce fever, act as an antiviral, and display antifungal activity.
It's a common preparation used in traditional medicine, as its effectiveness and safety have been well-documented. The common effect of Achillea millefolium tincture is its ability to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. This preparation is typically made from the flowers, roots, and leaves of the Achillea millefolium plant, which are combined and steeped in a solvent, such as ethanol or glycerin, to extract their bioactive compounds.
The process of making Achillea millefolium tincture is moderately difficult, requiring some knowledge of herbalism and tincture-making techniques.
Below you find an image of Achillea millefolium tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium tincture.
- Gather fresh or dried flowers, roots, and leaves of Achillea millefolium in equal proportions for tincture making.
- Combine the gathered plant material in a clean glass jar and cover it with 80-100 proof vodka or other high-proof spirit.
- Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for 2-6 weeks, shaking the jar daily to facilitate extraction.
- Strain the liquid through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another clean glass container, discarding the solids.
- Label and store the tincture in a cool, dark place, ensuring it remains out of direct sunlight and children's reach.
Salve
Achillea millefolium salve is a topical preparation used to treat bruises, sprains, wounds, cuts, skin irritations, burns, insect bites, and eczema.
It's a common remedy, widely used for its effectiveness in soothing and healing various skin conditions. One of its common effects is its ability to reduce inflammation and promote wound healing.
Achillea millefolium salve is typically made by infusing leaves, flowers, and roots of the plant in a carrier oil, which requires moderate difficulty in preparation, involving careful measurement and processing of the plant material.
Below you find an image of Achillea millefolium salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium salve.
- Gather fresh Achillea millefolium leaves, flowers, and roots, and clean them thoroughly to prepare for infusing.
- Combine the cleaned leaves, flowers, and roots in a clean glass jar and cover them with carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil.
- Place the jar in a cool, dark place and allow it to infuse for several weeks, shaking the jar occasionally, until the liquid has turned a deep green color.
- Strain the infused oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass container, discarding the solids and reserving the infused oil.
- Mix the infused oil with beeswax, vitamin E oil, and any desired essential oils in a double boiler, stirring until the beeswax has melted and the mixture has cooled and solidified into a smooth salve.
Essential Oil
Achillea millefolium essential oil is a preparation used to treat various health issues, including wounds, inflammation, fever, diarrhea, menstrual cramps, skin irritation, and gastroenteritis.
It is a common preparation, widely used in herbal medicine. The common effect of this preparation is its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. The preparation is typically made from the flowers and leaves of the Achillea millefolium plant.
However, making this essential oil is challenging due to the plant's complex composition and the difficulty in extracting its essential components.
Below you find an image of Achillea millefolium essential oil.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium essential oil.
- Gather fresh flowers and leaves of Achillea millefolium, also known as yarrow, in a clean basket.
- Clean and dry the gathered flowers and leaves thoroughly to prevent contamination and spoilage.
- Steam distill the clean flowers and leaves in a still apparatus to extract the essential oil.
- Separate the essential oil from the distillation water and collect it in a clean glass container.
- Filter the collected essential oil through a coffee filter to remove any remaining impurities and achieve clarity.
Tea
Achillea millefolium tea is widely used to treat menstrual cramps, inflammation, digestive issues, anxiety, rheumatism, respiratory problems and skin conditions.
It's one of the most common herbal teas used due to its widespread availability and established use in traditional medicine. Drinking Achillea millefolium tea often results in a calming effect, which is attributed to its sedative properties. The tea is made from the flowers and leaves of the plant, which are typically harvested and dried for consumption.
Making Achillea millefolium tea is relatively simple, as it only requires steeping the dried flowers and leaves in hot water to release their active compounds.
Below you find an image of Achillea millefolium tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium tea.
- Gather a handful of fresh Achillea millefolium flowers and leaves from a trusted source.
- Rinse the flowers and leaves gently with cold water to remove any dirt or debris.
- Combine the flowers and leaves in a clean tea infuser or a heat-resistant cup.
- Pour boiling water over the flowers and leaves, and let it steep for 5-10 minutes.
- Strain the tea and discard the solids, then serve warm or allow to cool before consumption.
Capsule
Achillea millefolium capsule is a herbal preparation used to treat various health issues, including rheumatism, inflammatory conditions, menstrual cramps, wound healing, digestive issues, skin irritation, insect bites, respiratory issues and urinary tract infections.
It is a commonly used herbal remedy, found in many traditional medicine systems. The common effect of taking Achillea millefolium capsule is reduction of inflammation and pain. The preparation is made from the flowers and leaves of the Achillea millefolium plant.
Manufacturing Achillea millefolium capsule requires some skill and knowledge, as it involves drying, processing and encapsulating the plant material, making it a moderately difficult process.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium capsule.
- Dry the Achillea millefolium flowers and leaves under a shaded area or using a food dehydrator.
- Crush the dried flowers and leaves into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a coffee grinder.
- Mix the powdered flowers and leaves together in a bowl to create a uniform blend.
- Fill empty gelatin capsules with the blended powder using a small spoon or a capsule filler.
- Seal the filled capsules and store them in a cool, dry place.
Decoction
Achillea millefolium decoction is used to treat menstrual issues by regulating hormonal balance and alleviating cramps, digestive problems such as bloating and diarrhea due to its anti-inflammatory properties, respiratory infections by reducing inflammation and congestion, wound healing by promoting tissue regeneration and preventing infection, insect bites by reducing itching and swelling, inflammatory conditions like arthritis by decreasing pain and stiffness, urinary issues including kidney problems by improving kidney function, skin irritations such as eczema by reducing inflammation and itching, and cough by thinning mucus and making it easier to expel.
Achillea millefolium decoction is a common herbal remedy used worldwide, often in combination with other herbs, and has a common effect of reducing inflammation and promoting healing.
This decoction is made by steeping roots, leaves, and flowers of the Achillea millefolium plant in water, which is a moderately difficult process requiring attention to correct ratio of plant material to water and steeping time to achieve the desired medicinal properties.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium decoction.
- Gather fresh or dried roots, leaves, and flowers of Achillea millefolium, and clean them thoroughly.
- Combine the roots, leaves, and flowers in a suitable pot, and cover them with water.
- Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat and let it simmer for an extended period.
- Strain the decoction through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve to separate the liquid from the solids.
- Allow the decoction to cool, then store it in a clean container, ready for use.
Poultice
Achillea millefolium poultice is a topical preparation used to treat a variety of conditions including sprains, boils, bruises, insect bites, wounds, abscesses, inflammations, burns and frostbite.
This herbal poultice is commonly used due to its widespread availability and ease of preparation. Its common effect is the reduction of inflammation and promotion of wound healing. Achillea millefolium poultice is typically made by infusing the leaves and flowers in water, then applying the resulting liquid to the affected area.
The preparation is considered moderately difficult to make as it requires a basic understanding of herbal infusion techniques and some patience to prepare.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium poultice.
- Gather fresh leaves and flowers of Achillea millefolium, also known as yarrow.
- Rinse the gathered leaves and flowers with clean water to remove any dirt or debris.
- Finely chop the leaves and flowers to release their medicinal properties.
- Mix the chopped leaves and flowers with a small amount of warm water to create a paste.
- Apply the herbal poultice to the affected area and secure with a cloth or bandage.
Ointment
Achillea millefolium ointment is used to treat various skin issues, including bruises, cuts, insect bites, rashes, sunburn, wounds, skin irritations and minor burns, as well as scars.
This preparation is widely used due to its effectiveness and availability of ingredients. The common effect of Achillea millefolium ointment is its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce pain, swelling and promote healing. The ointment is typically made by infusing leaves, flowers and roots of the plant in a carrier oil.
However, the process of making this ointment can be challenging due to the need to accurately identify and combine the right proportions of plant materials, as well as the time-consuming process of infusion.
Below you find an image of Achillea millefolium ointment.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Achillea millefolium ointment.
- Gather fresh or dried leaves, flowers, and roots of Achillea millefolium, and clean them thoroughly.
- Combine the leaves, flowers, and roots in a large pot, and cover them with a carrier oil such as olive or coconut oil.
- Simmer the mixture over low heat for several hours, stirring occasionally, until the oil has absorbed the herbal properties.
- Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean container, discarding the solids.
- Store the herbal ointment in a cool, dark place and use it as needed, applying a small amount to the affected area and gently massaging it in.
What are the possible side effects of Achillea millefolium if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Achillea millefolium are exacerbate allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, interact with anticoagulant medications, aggravate existing kidney problems, induce liver toxicity, worsen symptoms of autoimmune disorders, prolong bleeding times, amplify the risk of seizures, trigger photosensitivity, interfere with the effectiveness of certain immunosuppressive medications, and exacerbate digestive issues in some users.
This plant's improper use can have severe consequences, particularly in individuals with pre-existing conditions. Achillea millefolium contains sesquiterpene lactones, which may contribute to its potential side effects. The severity and likelihood of these side effects vary depending on the individual's health status, dosage, and duration of use.
Improper use of Achillea millefolium may also lead to the exacerbation of digestive issues in some users.
The most common side effects Achillea millefolium gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Exacerbate: Achillea millefolium exacerbates peptic ulcers and gastrointestinal irritation.
- Interact: Achillea millefolium interacts with warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Aggravate: Achillea millefolium can exacerbate peptic ulcers in people with pre-existing conditions.
- Induce: Achillea millefolium induces uterine contractions leading to premature labor and abortion.
- Worsen: Achillea millefolium may interact with anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin, resulting in increased risk of bleeding.
- Prolong: Achillea millefolium prolongs bleeding time due to its antiplatelet and anticoagulant properties.
- Amplify: Achillea millefolium's sesquiterpene lactones may enhance the effects of certain medications, including blood thinners and anti-inflammatory agents, by increasing their bioavailability.
- Trigger: Achillea millefolium seeds can trigger uterine contractions
- Exacerbate: Achillea millefolium may exacerbate bleeding disorders due to its potential to increase bleeding risk.
- Interfere: Achillea millefolium interferes with blood thinners, such as warfarin, leading to decreased anticoagulant effect.
What are the precautions to take before using Achillea millefolium medicinally?
The most important precautions you must take before using Achillea millefolium for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Doctor Before Use: Achillea millefolium may interact with certain medications or worsen underlying health conditions such as diabetes, bleeding disorders, and high blood pressure.
- Monitor Blood Pressure: Achillea millefolium may lower blood pressure due to its diuretic and vasodilatory effects.
- Avoid Excessive Use: Excessive use of Achillea millefolium may cause liver and kidney damage due to its pyrrolizidine alkaloid content.
- Pregnancy And Breastfeeding Warning: Achillea millefolium may stimulate uterine contractions and should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Interact With Medications: Achillea millefolium may interact with anticoagulant medications, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Allergic Reactions Possible: Contact dermatitis, hives, and anaphylaxis occur with Achillea millefolium exposure in sensitive individuals.
- Kidney And Liver Issues: Achillea millefolium may cause kidney damage and liver problems due to the sesquiterpene lactones.
- Avoid In Children And Infants: It may cause gastrointestinal symptoms in infants and children if ingested.
- Use In Small Doses: Excessive consumption leads to gastrointestinal symptoms and allergic reactions
- Stop Use If Side Effects Occur: Discontinue use if rash, fever, or other adverse reactions occur.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Achillea millefolium?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Achillea millefolium. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.
According to a study published by "Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences", Achillea millefolium has been found to exhibit antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria strains, including those involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Additionally, the plant has been shown to demonstrate anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus potential, indicating its effectiveness in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of Achillea millefolium may be utilized in the development of novel dermal/topical drugs.
In another study published by "Current pharmaceutical design", Achillea millefolium has been found to have numerous positive effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help alleviate digestive problems, menstrual irregularities, and skin inflammation. Additionally, it has shown analgesic, anti-ulcer, and hepatoprotective activities, making it a potential treatment for various health issues. Furthermore, Achillea millefolium's essential oil and other compounds have been found to exhibit wound healing properties and may even have antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects.
A different research published by "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)", the extracts of Achillea millefolium have been found to possess potent antimicrobial activities, particularly in its ethanolic extracts, which were effective against all tested microorganisms. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of Achillea millefolium extracts was evaluated, revealing that the ethanolic extracts had the strongest antioxidant activities, despite not containing the highest amounts of detected phenolic compounds. The study identified several phenolic compounds, including caffeic, salicylic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, and rosmarinic acid, as responsible for the antioxidant activities of Achillea millefolium.
